具有可编程信号活动的合成受体的计算设计,用于增强癌症T细胞治疗
Jan A Rath1,2, Lucas S P Rudden3, Nazila Nouraee4
1Department of Oncology UNIL-CHUV, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Nature biomedical engineering
|October 29, 2025
概括
研究人员设计了T-SenSERs,这些合成受体使CAR-T细胞能够克服瘤微环境 (TME). 这些T-SenSERs通过响应特定的TME因子,如VEGF和CSF1,来增强T细胞的抗瘤活性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 生物技术是生物技术.
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
背景情况:
- 瘤微环境 (TME) 显著影响瘤的进展,并且可以阻碍仿真抗原受体T细胞 (CAR-T) 疗法的有效性.
- 目前通过向可溶性TME因子来增强CAR-T细胞功能的策略是有限的,因为合成受体的信号复杂.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种新的计算蛋白质设计平台,用于创建具有可编程对TME因子反应的全受体.
- 设计TME感应开关受体 (T-SenSERs),为T细胞提供共刺激和细胞因子信号.
- 通过克服TME介导的抑制来增强CAR-T细胞的抗瘤功效.
主要方法:
- 利用计算型蛋白质设计平台对全受体的新组件进行组装.
- 开发了T-SenSER,旨在专门针对与瘤相关的因素,血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF) 和殖民地刺激因子1 (CSF1).
- 在人类T细胞中与CAR集成的T-SenSER用于临床前癌症模型的测试.
主要成果:
- 成功设计并组装了具有可编程输出功能的T-SenSER.
- 证明T-SenSERs可以选择性地对VEGF或CSF1作出反应,这是瘤中常见的因素.
- 结合CAR和T-SenSER可显著增强肺癌和多发性骨髓瘤模型中的抗瘤反应,以因子依赖的方式.
结论:
- 开发的T-SenSER平台可以创建用于细胞工程的合成生物传感器.
- 这种方法增强了CAR-T细胞的功能,使它们能够感知并对TME作出反应.
- 铺平了工程T细胞加速发展的道路,以改善癌症免疫疗法和其他基于细胞的应用.
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