水生植物在食草淡水鱼中调解微塑料的生物可用性
Shinnosuke Yamahara1, Yoichi Era1, Haruhiko Nakata2
1Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
|October 29, 2025
概括
微塑料 (MP) 在城市湖泊鱼中普遍存在,特别是食草动物,水生植物是鱼类摄入MP的关键途径.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
- 水生生态学 水生生态学
背景情况:
- 微塑料污染在淡水生态系统中越来越令人担忧.
- 了解水生食物网中微塑料 (MP) 污染的途径至关重要.
- 城市湖泊特别容易受到微塑料积累的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查淡水鱼和水生植物中微塑料 (MPs) 的存在和特征.
- 确定城市湖泊中MP污染的主要来源和途径.
- 评估水生植物在MPs热带转移到鱼类中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在植物性和肉食性鱼类 (尼罗河鱼,红腹鱼,大嘴鱼,蛇头鱼) 和来自日本熊本市的一个城市湖的水生植物中分析微塑料 (0.1-5毫米).
- 量化MP的丰富度,聚合物类型 (PE,PP,PET),形状和颜色.
- 来自同一地点的鱼类和水生植物之间的MP特征的比较.
- 识别潜在的MP源,包括雨水下水和废水处理厂的出口.
主要成果:
- 在82%的食草鱼中检测到微塑料,在10 ± 13个物品的ind-1中,显著高于食肉鱼.
- 聚乙烯 (PE),聚烯 (PP) 和聚乙烯二甲 (PET) 是鱼类中占主导地位的聚合物 (83%).
- 水生植物保留了MPs (4.6-35项g-1干重),其聚合物配置,形状和颜色与食草鱼的相似.
- 在雨水下水和废水处理厂出口附近的鱼类中发现了更高的MP丰度.
结论:
- 草食鱼类在城市湖泊环境中显著暴露于微塑料.
- 水生植物作为一个关键的媒介,通过表面吸附和随后的摄入增加了微塑料的生物可用性.
- 从水生植物转移到食草鱼的MP的热带转移是这个生态系统的一个重要途径.
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