光学成像技术和临床应用在胃肠内镜中
Khyati Bidani1, Vishali Moond2, Madhvi Nagar3
1Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Peter's University Hospital/Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
光学成像增强了胃肠道内镜,用于检测癌前和癌性病变. 已经建立了指导方针认可的技术,如窄带成像 (NBI) 和染色内镜,而先进的方法正在研究中.
科学领域:
- 胃肠病学和内镜检查
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 白光内镜 (WLE) 在可视化微妙的粘膜和血管特征方面存在局限性.
- 光学成像技术提供了胃肠 (GI) 结构的增强可视化.
- 各种光学成像技术的临床实用性和验证状态在各个GI适应症之间有所不同.
研究的目的:
- 在胃肠病学中批判性地审查指导方针认可和研究的光学成像技术.
- 评估这些技术的诊断性能,验证水平和实际挑战.
- 讨论GI内镜中光学成像的未来方向.
主要方法:
- 系统审查主要GI指示的光学成像模式.
- 诊断绩效的分析,指南建议和采用挑战.
- 包括像窄带成像 (NBI),染色内镜,囊内镜和先进的调查方式等技术.
主要成果:
- 对巴雷特的食道和胃病变,狭带成像 (NBI) 和酸染色内镜得到了认可.
- 染料喷涂染色体检是IBD发育不良监测的标准;虚拟方法是替代方法.
- NBI有助于结直肠光学诊断;以染料为基础的染色内镜可以更好地检测平面/状病变.
- 囊内镜是小肠评估的标准;AI辅助正在出现.
- 像对焦激光内微镜这样的先进技术显示出潜力,但在很大程度上是研究性的.
结论:
- 在临床实践中已经建立了指导方针支持的光学成像 (NBI,染色内镜).
- 先进的光学成像技术需要更广泛的验证以适用于常规使用.
- 未来的进步将涉及人工智能集成,分子探测器和下一代囊技术,用于改进肠道内镜.
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