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在24个月以下的亚托皮炎患者中食物过敏的表型:多中心研究

Mujde Tuba Cogurlu¹, Metin Aydogan², Ozlem Cavkaytar³

¹Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Sakarya Training and Research Hospital, 54100 Sakarya, Türkiye.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)

|October 29, 2025

概括

患有亚托皮性皮肤炎 (AD) 的儿童往往同时患有食物过敏 (FA). 严重的AD和便中的血液是婴儿FA的关键预测因素,强调需要进行全面的过敏评估.

科学领域:

儿科过敏和免疫学
皮肤病学皮肤病学
临床营养学临床营养学

背景情况:

亚托皮炎 (AD) 和食物过敏 (FA) 是普遍存在的儿童过敏疾病.
同时的AD和FA在幼儿时代很常见,但FA表型需要进一步调查.
现有的关于阿尔茨海默氏症儿童的FA患病率的数据缺乏关于特定FA表型的细节.

研究的目的:

确定不同食物过敏 (FA) 现象型在患有亚托皮性皮肤炎 (AD) 的儿童中的流行率.
确定与小儿AD患者同时发生的FA相关的临床预测因素.
研究患有AD的婴儿的IgE介导,非IgE介导和并发的FA表型.

主要方法:

这是一项涉及530名患有AD的24个月以下儿童的横截式多中心研究.
通过皮肤测试,过敏原特异性IgE和食物挑战测试 (FCT) 确认了FA的诊断.
将FA分为IgE介导,非IgE介导和并发表型的分类.

主要成果:

患病率:IgE介导的FA (28.1%),非IgE介导的FA (22.4%),以及并发的FA (12.1%).
最常见的过敏原:牛奶 (69.6%) 和蛋白 (68.9%).
FA的重要预测因素:严重的AD (OR 8.25) 和便中的血液 (OR 10.04).

结论:

患有早期AD的儿童需要彻底评估FA,即使有轻度至中度症状.
严重的AD和便中血的存在是同时发生FA的强有力的指标.
医疗保健提供者应考虑在IgE介导FA患者中同时进行非IgE介导FA,以提高护理质量.

关键词:

亚托邦性皮肤炎的发生.食物过敏食物过敏没有IgE介导的非IgE介导.口服食物挑战口服食物挑战

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