大规模的基于唾液的临床监测能够实时检测SARS-CoV-2疫情和基因组跟踪 (亚利桑那州,2020-2023年)
Steven C Holland1, Abctl Diagnostic Testing And Sequencing Teams1,2, Ian Shoemaker1
1Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 29, 2025
概括
自我收集的唾液是监测社区健康和跟踪SARS-CoV-2 (导致COVID-19的病毒) 演变的可行方法. 这种方法对于大规模的传染病监测证明是可扩展和具有成本效益的.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 基因组监测 基因组监测
背景情况:
- 传统的COVID-19监测样本采集面临着由于PPE短缺和社会距离的挑战.
- 医疗人员的重新部署也影响了例行采样工作.
研究的目的:
- 评估自收集唾液用于检测SARS-CoV-2的可行性.
- 建立一个大规模的监测计划,使用自我收集的唾液进行诊断和基因组测序.
主要方法:
- 在2020年4月至2023年12月期间,使用RT-PCR检测了140万份唾液样本检测SARS-CoV-2.
- 在超过69,000个样本上进行了全基因组测序,以追踪病毒演变.
- 在一项商业化基因定型准确性检测试验中,对S基因标失败进行了监测.
主要成果:
- 实时监测感染趋势与区域病例数量保持一致.
- 鉴定出了多个病毒谱系引入的多个波.
- 该试验显示了基因型定型的高正预测值 (PPV=0.98) 和负预测值 (NPV=0.94).
- 从收集到测序数据的回报时间很短 (中位数为12天).
结论:
- 自我收集的唾液是传染病监测的实用和可扩展的策略.
- 这种方法为未来的流行病准备提供了具有成本效益的替代方案.
- 这项研究表明,基于唾液的监测对临床诊断和基因组跟踪的实用性.
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