用随机森林,梯度增强决策树,极端梯度增强和轻梯度增强机器方法在内蒙古的喀什米尔山羊中进行克什米尔特征的基因组选择
Jiaqi Liu1,2,3, Xiaochun Yan1,2,3, Wenze Li1,2,3
1College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
|October 29, 2025
概括
机器学习算法提高了内蒙古山羊的克什米尔特征的基因组预测准确度. 在参数优化后,LightGBM,Random Forest和GBDT在特定特征方面表现出卓越的性能.
科学领域:
- 动物基因组学 动物基因组学
- 机器学习应用 机器学习应用
- 量化遗传学 量化遗传学
背景情况:
- 基因组预测对于畜牧养殖至关重要.
- 机器学习 (ML) 为分析高维基因组数据提供了先进的方法.
- 传统的基因组选择 (GS) 方法可以通过ML算法来增强,以提高准确性和效率.
研究的目的:
- 确定最佳的机器学习算法,用于在内蒙古喀什米尔山羊中全基因组选择喀什米尔特征.
- 为了比较四个ML算法的预测准确度:随机森林 (RF),极端梯度增强树 (XGBoost),梯度增强决策树 (GBDT) 和LightGBM.
- 评估超参数优化对ML模型性能对喀什米尔特征预测的影响.
主要方法:
- 用2299只内蒙古克什米尔山羊的基因型和表型数据评估了基因组预测的准确性.
- 使用了四种ML算法 (RF,XGBoost,GBDT,LightGBM) 并进行了比较.
- 对每个ML算法进行了参数优化,以提高预测准确度.
主要成果:
- 轻GBM实现了纤维长度 (56.4%),喀什米尔生产的RF (35.2%) 和喀什米尔直径的GBDT (40.4%) 的最高精度.
- 与GBLUP相比,ML方法提高了0.8-2.7%的准确性.
- 参数优化导致平均精度提高2.9% (喀什米尔细度),2.7% (喀什米尔产量) 和3.8% (纤维长度).
- 在研究的特征中,XGBoost显示了最低的预测准确度.
结论:
- 机器学习算法,特别是LightGBM,RF和GBDT,显示出增强克什米尔特征基因组选择的巨大潜力.
- 超参数调整对于最大限度地提高ML模型在基因组预测中的预测准确性至关重要.
- 机器学习方法为传统方法提供了有价值的替代方案,提高了山羊育种计划中的计算效率和预测准确性.
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