水辅助微波处理:在彩色豆中快速排毒和抗氧化剂增强
Song Yu1,2,3, Yutao Zhang1, Yifei Zhang1,2,3
1College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 29, 2025
概括
一种新的5分钟的水辅助微波过程快速排毒豆,减少抗营养素,如植物酸和树脂. 这种方法还增强了豆类的抗氧化能力,使它们更安全,更有营养,用于工业用途.
科学领域:
- 食品科学与技术 食品科学与技术
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 营养生物化学 营养生物化学
背景情况:
- 生豆含有反营养素 (植物酸,素,素),限制了它们的营养价值和安全性.
- 传统的排毒方法,如沸,耗时,可以降低营养素.
- 需要有效的,可在工业上扩展的方法来排毒和增强豆类的营养特征.
研究的目的:
- 开发和优化一种快速的,工业上可行的方法来排毒生豆 (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).
- 为了同时增强豆的营养和抗氧化特性.
- 研究涉及排毒和营养增强的潜在代谢途径.
主要方法:
- 优化了一种涉及5分钟浸泡水的过程,并与间歇性微波烤 (500W,5分钟) 相结合.
- 使用已确立的分析方法量化减少 phytic 酸, tannins 和 saponins.
- 评估了抗氧化能力的变化 (例如,铁减少抗氧化能力) 并进行了全面的代谢分析.
- 利用途径分析来阐明解毒和营养丰富机制.
主要成果:
- 在植物酸 (43-49%),素 (74-90%) 和素 (59-68%) 中实现了显著的减少,低于安全值.
- 显著增加了抗氧化能力,铁减少抗氧化能力在四种豆种中增加了66-115%.
- 代谢分析确定了412种代谢物,包括增加的谷氨和奎尔塞丁衍生物水平.
- 路径分析显示,活性化了烯胺生物合成和谷氨代谢以排毒,并增强了和黄生物合成以丰富营养.
结论:
- 水辅助微波处理是一种高效的策略,可以快速排毒豆.
- 这种5分钟的方法提供了与30分钟沸相比的排毒,并增加了营养益处.
- 该工艺适用于工业规模生产更安全,营养丰富的豆.
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