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神经成像中的定量核磁共振:对技术,生物标志物和新兴临床应用的审查
Gaspare Saltarelli1, Giovanni Di Cerbo1, Antonio Innocenzi1
1Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
Brain sciences
|October 29, 2025
概括
定量磁共振成像 (qMRI) 为脑部成像提供了精确的物理组织参数. 本综述综合了神经退行性疾病的qMRI方法,有助于诊断和监测.
科学领域:
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 定量磁共振成像 (qMRI) 提供精确的物理组织参数估计,超出相对信号强度.
- 已建立的qMRI技术包括T1/T2放松计,扩散成像,磁感应测绘, perfusion成像和体积计.
研究的目的:
- 在一个统一的框架内合成大脑qMRI方法,涵盖物理,获取,输出,验证和临床应用.
- 审查qMRI在成人大脑中神经退行性,神经炎症性,神经瘤性和脑血管疾病中的实用性.
主要方法:
- 包括T1/T2放松计,髓/MT成像,扩散成像 (DWI/DTI/DKI/IVIM),敏感性成像 (SWI/QSM), perfusion成像 (DSC/DCE/ASL) 和体积计在内的QMRI技术的全面审查.
- 对每个模式的物理和信号模型,采集参数,输出单位,验证研究和临床应用进行分析.
- 专注于成人大脑在各种神经疾病中的应用.
主要成果:
- qMRI可以跟踪脱髓化/修复 (T1,MWF/MTsat),质瘤分级/监测 (rCBV,Ktrans),半阴影评估 (DWI/DKI/ASL),铁病理检测 (QSM) 和痴呆症诊断 (体积测量).
- 采用障碍包括缺乏协议标准化,供应商中立的后处理,多中心可重复性数据和验证的临床切断.
- 共识努力和人工智能辅助的管道正在出现,具有多参数集成的机会.
结论:
- qMRI准备成为精确神经成像的基石,补充传统的MRI.
- 方法的融合和临床验证对于广泛采用至关重要.
- 量子MRI生物标志物的多参数集成对推进神经疾病管理具有重大前景.
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