根据塞尔维亚的定居点类型,医疗保健利用率的差异
Marijana Dabic1, Gordana Djordjevic2, Snezana Radovanovic3
1The College of Health Science, Academy of Applied Studies Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 29, 2025
概括
塞尔维亚的城乡差异表明,农村居民使用的处方药较少,非处方药更多. 私人医疗保健在城市地区更为普遍,突出了改善公平医疗保健准入的有针对性的干预措施的需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 卫生社会学 卫生社会学
背景情况:
- 城市和农村的健康差异在全球范围内仍然存在,反映了健康结果,获得护理和社会经济地位的差异.
- 塞尔维亚的有限研究量化了社会人口统计学和经济因素对定居点类型和医疗保健利用的影响.
研究的目的:
- 研究塞尔维亚的定居点类型 (城市与农村) 和社会人口统计学/社会经济因素之间的关系.
- 评估这些差异是否反映在医疗保健利用模式中.
主要方法:
- 利用了2019年塞尔维亚国家健康调查 (n=12,439名成年人) 的数据.
- 采用描述性统计,奇平方,t测试和后勤回归模型.
- 计算的几率比率 (ORs) 使用95%的置信区间 (CI),在p < 0.05时具有显著性.
主要成果:
- 高等教育和未婚与城市居住有关;低教育和中等收入地位与城市生活减少有关.
- 在定居点类型和医院或日间医院使用之间没有发现显著的关联.
- 农村居民的处方药使用率较低,非处方药使用率较高,物理治疗访问频率更高. 在城市地区,私人诊所的使用率明显高.
结论:
- 塞尔维亚的城乡差异在药物使用和寻求医疗保健的行为方面显而易见.
- 需要有针对性的战略,包括提高农村健康素养,激励农村医生,扩大远程医疗,改善药物获取和整合公私医疗.
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