人工智能和数字技术对抗健康错误信息:对公共卫生反应的全面审查
Angelo Cianciulli1, Emanuela Santoro1, Roberta Manente2
1Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ''Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 29, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 和数字工具打击健康错误信息,加强监控和识字. 然而,地理偏见和对弱势群体的有限关注等挑战仍然存在,需要透明的治理和道德保障来实现更广泛的影响.
科学领域:
- 数字健康数字健康
- 公共卫生信息学 公共卫生信息学
- 卫生沟通健康沟通
背景情况:
- COVID-19 流行病暴露了信息流行病对公共健康的有害影响.
- 人工智能 (AI) 和数字工具越来越多地用于打击在线健康错误信息.
- 需要进行系统审查,以绘制这些干预措施及其影响.
研究的目的:
- 系统地绘制数字和基于人工智能的干预方案,以应对健康错误信息.
- 描述它们的应用,结果,伦理考虑,公平影响和政策框架.
主要方法:
- 根据乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的方法和PRISMA-ScR指南进行范围审查.
- 在2017年1月至2025年3月的主要数据库 (PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,CINAHL) 中进行搜索.
- 由两名审查员进行独立选和数据提取,三分之一的审查员解决分歧.
主要成果:
- 包括63项研究,主要发表于2020-2024年,其中大多数来自美洲.
- 关键主题领域包括监测/监督 (54.0%) 和健康沟通 (42.9%).
- 应用,响应,政策,伦理和公平是经常讨论的领域.
结论:
- 人工智能和数字工具有效地检测错误信息,改善监视,并提高健康素养.
- 显著的挑战包括异质证据,地理不平衡和弱势群体的代表性不足.
- 扩大干预措施需要透明的治理,多语言的数据,道德保障和融入公共卫生系统.
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