基于声音的帕金森病早期诊断,使用光谱图特征和AI模型
Danish Quamar1, V D Ambeth Kumar1, Muhammad Rizwan2
1Department of Computer Engineering, Mizoram University, Mizoram 796004, India.
Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 29, 2025
概括
这项研究开发了一个使用语音分析来检测帕金森病 (PD) 的自动化系统. 深度学习模型实现了97%的准确性,显示了早期PD诊断和监测的前景.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 计算语言学 计算语言学
背景情况:
- 帕金森病 (PD) 是一种神经退行性疾病,影响运动功能,特别是语言.
- 语音分析为PD诊断和跟踪提供了一种非侵入性,高效和经济的方法.
- 发言的声学特征在患有PD的个体中发生变化,提供了潜在的生物标志物.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估一种自动化系统,使用语音信号来区分患有和没有帕金森病的个体.
- 为了比较各种机器学习 (ML) 和深度学习 (DL) 模型的性能,根据声乐特征对PD进行分类.
- 调查声学特征对于早期发现和监测帕金森病的有用性.
主要方法:
- 利用来自PD患者和非PD个人的81个样本的语音数据集进行培训和评估.
- 提取了声学特征,包括Mel频率 cepstral 系数 (MFCC),谱图,Mel谱图和波形表示.
- 经过训练和评估的ML模型 (SVM,XGBoost,物流回归) 和DL模型 (DNN,CNN-LSTM,CNN-GRU,BiLSTM).
主要成果:
- 深度学习模型在 PD 语音分类方面明显优于传统的 ML 模型.
- 双向长期短期记忆 (BiLSTM) 模型实现了最高准确率97%,曲线下的面积 (AUC) 为0.95.
- 综合的特征提取使得可靠的分类成为可能,突出显示了自动化系统的有效性.
结论:
- 开发的自动化系统在区分PD与非PD语言方面表现出高效率.
- 深度学习方法,特别是BiLSTM,显示出对帕金森病的准确和早期诊断有很大的潜力.
- 将声学特征分析与DL方法相结合,为帕金森病的持续监测和管理提供了一个有希望的途径.
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