心脏电生理学中的人工智能:用工程初步研究进行临床导向的审查
Giovanni Canino1, Assunta Di Costanzo2, Nadia Salerno1
1Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 29, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 正在彻底改变心脏电生理学 (EP),深度学习模型在心律失常检测和预测结果方面达到心脏病学家水平的准确性. 尽管AI在可穿戴设备和EP实验室中的潜力很大,但临床翻译面临着重大障碍.
科学领域:
- 心脏电生理学心脏电生理学
- 人工智能的人工智能是人工智能.
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 越来越多地融入心脏电生理学 (EP),影响整个患者护理途径.
- 深度学习 (DL) 模型在节律分类和使用心电图 (ECG) 的预后估计方面表现出高准确性.
- 人工智能应用扩展到用于人口查的可穿戴设备和EP实验室用于心内电图 (EGM) 解释和切除指导.
研究的目的:
- 审查人工智能在心脏电生理学中的变革性影响.
- 检查各种AI建模范式和新兴技术.
- 确定阻碍临床翻译的挑战,并提出可采用的路线图.
主要方法:
- 对监督学习 (回归,SVM,神经网络,随机森林) 和无监督学习 (聚类,维度减少,关联规则) 的审查.
- 检查新兴的人工智能技术,包括数字双胞胎,物理信息神经网络,成像DL,图形神经网络和设备上的人工智能.
- 分析临床翻译方面的挑战,重点关注外部验证和工作流集成.
主要成果:
- 端到端的DL模型在节律分类 (≥95%的准确性) 和心房的检测 (≥96%的灵敏度/特异性) 中达到心脏病学家水平的性能.
- 人工智能增强了心律失常检测,预后估计,基于可穿戴设备的查,EP实验室程序和心脏植入式电子设备 (CIED) 的远程监控.
- 临床翻译存在重大障碍,外部验证率低于30%,工作流集成率低于20%.
结论:
- 人工智能,特别是DL,对于推进心脏电生理学,提供改进的诊断和个性化治疗,具有巨大的前景.
- 克服外部验证和无工作流集成的挑战对于实现AI的全部临床潜力至关重要.
- 合作的临床工程路线图对于将人工智能原型转化为可靠的床边工具,用于例行患者护理至关重要.
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