破坏肠-大脑轴:人工甜味剂如何重新连接微生物群和奖励途径
1Institute for Complex Systems (ISC), National Research Council (C.N.R.), 00185 Rome, Italy.
International journal of molecular sciences
|October 29, 2025
概括
人工甜味剂 (NCS) 通过改变肠道微生物和神经通路来破坏肠-大脑轴. 这可能导致代谢失调和食欲增加,影响整体健康.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 代谢健康 代谢健康
背景情况:
- 人工甜味剂 (非热量甜味剂,NCS) 是用于体重管理的常见糖替代品.
- 新出现的证据表明,NCSs影响宿主生理学,包括肠道微生物群和与食有关的神经回路.
- 本综述侧重于NCS如何破坏肠-大脑轴 (GBA),强调微生物和神经奖励机制.
研究的目的:
- 综合当前关于NCS对肠-大脑轴的破坏的知识.
- 要突出微生物群介导的效应和神经奖励处理中的变化.
- 确定减轻NCS健康影响的研究优先事项.
主要方法:
- 文献综述综合当前的科学知识.
- 专注于微生物群介导的对肠-大脑轴的影响.
- 由于NCS消费而导致的神经奖励处理变化的分析.
主要成果:
- NCSs诱导肠道失调,减少有益的细菌 (例如,Akkermansia muciniphila) 和短链脂肪酸的产生.
- 肠道屏障完整性受损和全身炎症是NCS诱导的功能失调的结果.
- 通过提供没有卡路里的甜味,削弱奖励信号和影响神经,NCSs改变了享乐回路.
- 微生物干扰加剧了神经奖励的不稳定性,导致不适应的饮食行为.
- NCSs促进新陈代谢失调,增加过度饮食的脆弱性.
结论:
- 通过微生物和神经通路,NCS会破坏肠-大脑轴.
- 这些干扰可以导致不适应的食物寻找,代谢问题,并增加过度进食.
- 针对微生物组的干预措施是抵消NCS健康影响的关键研究重点.
关键词:
人工甜味剂 人工甜味剂多巴胺的信号传递方式肠大脑轴 肠大脑轴享乐性养是一种快乐性养.在下丘脑中,下丘脑微生物群的生物失调症 (dysbiosis)无热量甜味剂是一种非热量甜味剂.催产素是一种催产素.奖励 奖励 奖励 奖励 奖励腹部的顶部区域.更多相关视频
07:29Real-time Analysis of Gut-brain Neural Communication: Cortex wide Calcium Dynamics in Response to Intestinal Glucose Stimulation
Published on: December 29, 2023
1.0K
05:15Author Spotlight: Accessible M&M-Based Mouse Model for Investigating Binge Eating Disorder - Insights into Eating Behaviors, Anxiety, and Neural Mechanisms
Published on: January 10, 2025
1.6K
相关概念视频
Neural Regulation
43.1K
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
43.1K
Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction
910
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
910
The Physiology of Taste
7.1K
The perception of a salty flavor is facilitated by sodium ions within the oral salivary fluid. Upon consumption of a salty substance, salt crystals disassemble, leading to the liberation of its constituents—Na+ and Cl- ions. These ions subsequently dissolve into the salivary fluid present in the oral cavity. The external environment of the gustatory cells experiences an elevation in Na+ concentration, thereby establishing a potent concentration gradient. This gradient propels the...
7.1K
Regulation of Food Intake
2.3K
Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
2.3K
Hormonal Regulation
47.7K
Hormones regulate a significant portion of digestion through activation of the neuroendocrine system. The neuroendocrine system of digestion contains many different hormones all with multiple functions that are both, directly and indirectly, involved in digestion.
47.7K
