基于转换器和卷积神经网络的深度学习模型的开发和验证,以预测青少年异常脊椎病的曲线进展
Shinji Takahashi1, Shota Ichikawa2, Kei Watanabe3
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
Journal of clinical medicine
|October 29, 2025
概括
使用深度学习 (DL) 模型的人工智能 (AI) 可以从X射线图中预测青少年特异性脊椎病 (AIS) 的进展. 基于变压器的AI在早期AIS治疗中显示出对临床决策的承诺.
科学领域:
- 整形外科 整形外科 整形外科
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 预测青少年异常学脊椎病 (AIS) 曲线的进展对于有效的临床管理至关重要.
- 目前使用骨成熟度和科布角度的方法的预测准确性有限.
- 需要准确预测AIS进展,以指导早期治疗决策.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一个强大的,可解释的人工智能 (AI) 系统,用于预测AIS的进展.
- 为了利用深度学习 (DL) 模型,训练在站立的正面X射线图上,用于预测脊椎病的进展.
- 通过使用Grad-CAM评估不同DL模型的性能及其可解释性.
主要方法:
- 一项多中心研究包括542名患有AIS的患者,有2年的随访数据.
- 额头放射图被预处理并分为两个感兴趣的区域 (ROI).
- 训练了6个预训练DL模型 (CNN和变压器),并使用Grad-CAM进行解释.
主要成果:
- 整体DL模型实现了0.769 (ROI 1) 和0.755 (ROI 2) 的平均AUC.
- 变压器模型表现出全球关注 (脊柱,肋骨,骨盆),而CNN则专注于本地曲线顶部.
- 在标准化ROI 2上训练的模型的表现与ROI 1相比,表明可行性.
结论:
- 基于变压器的DL模型显示出从普通X射线图预测AIS进展的显著临床潜力.
- 该研究的多中心设计,高AUC值和可解释的AI支持将其整合到临床实践中.
- 人工智能驱动的预测可以帮助早期治疗AIS,改善患者的治疗结果.
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