葡萄牙学龄人口中的球体等价百分位曲线
María Ibeth Peñaloza-Barbosa1, Clara Martinez-Perez2, Cristina Andreu-Vázquez3
1School for Doctoral Studies and Research, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain.
Journal of clinical medicine
|October 29, 2025
概括
这项研究开发了葡萄牙学童的第一个球体等价 (SE) 百分位曲线,揭示了随着年龄的增长,从超视力转向近视. 这些曲线有助于视力查和早期检测折射误差.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 儿科光学测量 儿科光学测量
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 折射误差 (RE) 是儿童的重大公共卫生问题.
- 建立特定年龄和性别的参考数据对于准确的诊断和管理至关重要.
- 之前的研究缺乏针对葡萄牙学童的具体数据.
研究的目的:
- 为葡萄牙6至17岁儿童制定特定年龄和性别的球体等效 (SE) 百分线曲线.
- 为了估计这个人群中超视,血视和近视的患病率.
- 为视力查计划提供规范性参考.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及里斯本2205名学龄儿童 (6-17岁) 的横截面研究.
- 采用了非循环病静态视网膜镜和视力敏度测试.
- 通过根据年龄和性别生成和分析球形等效 (SE) 百分位曲线 (P5-P95).
主要成果:
- 球体等效 (SE) 值随着年龄的增长显著下降 (p < 0.001).
- 中位数SE在+0.50 D (6-8岁) 到0.00 D (15-17岁) 之间,没有观察到性别差异.
- 超视的患病率在较小的儿童中最高 (60.6%在6-8岁),而近视随着年龄的增长而增加 (15-17岁的近视率为32.2%).
结论:
- 该研究为葡萄牙学童提供了第一个特定于年龄和性别的SE百分位曲线.
- 这些曲线是视力查和识别折射误差的宝贵工具.
- 观察到的从高视度到近视的趋势强调了早期检测和监测的必要性,以防止视力障碍.
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