电化学加工技术在表面加工中的研究进展:一篇综述
Yiran Wang1, Yong Yang1, Chaoyang Han1
1School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116000, China.
Micromachines
|October 29, 2025
概括
电化学加工 (ECM) 通过避免机械应力,为先进材料提供优质的表面加工. 本综述详细介绍了ECM应用,进展和表面加工和材料成型方面的挑战.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 制造业 工程 制造工程
背景情况:
- 传统的机械加工面临着先进材料的挑战.
- 电化学加工 (ECM) 提供了诸如没有接触应力和独立于材料硬度等优势.
- 对于要求卓越表面质量的高精度应用,ECM是理想的选择.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查ECM应用,最近的进展,以及表面加工当前的挑战.
- 根据表面要求对ECM技术进行分类:质量提升和材料成型.
- 确定未来的研究方向,以提高ECM能力.
主要方法:
- 对表面加工中ECM现有文献的审查.
- 将ECM分类为提高表面质量和塑造材料 (宏观和微观规模).
- 分析技术,包括精确的阳极溶解控制,混合电化学-机械动作和脉冲电源.
主要成果:
- ECM实现了纳米尺度平面化,残余应力降低和均的表面性能.
- 宏观 ECM 结合了电化学溶解与机械作用,以获得高MRR和微米精度.
- 微尺度ECM使用先进的脉冲供应和设计用于硬脆材料上的微纳米特征.
结论:
- 关键的ECM挑战包括电极间隙控制,电解质对环境的影响和工具降解.
- 未来的研究应该集中在绿色加工,智能控制,多规模战略和混合能源领域.
- 推进ECM对于满足下一代先进材料严格的表面要求至关重要.
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