适应和不适应食物过敏的幼儿的饮食多样性和食习惯 - 一项跨部门研究
Agata Stróżyk1, Andrea Horvath1, Elżbieta Jarocka-Cyrta2
1Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.
Nutrients
|October 29, 2025
概括
与健康同龄人相比,患有食物过敏 (FA) 的幼儿饮食多样性减少,过度限制过敏性食物. 这会影响它们的营养摄入量,需要仔细的饮食管理.
科学领域:
- 儿童营养学 儿童营养学
- 过敏和免疫学 过敏和免疫学
- 饮食评估 饮食评估
背景情况:
- 食物过敏 (FA) 影响了很大一部分幼儿.
- 饮食多样性和养习惯对于幼儿的发展至关重要.
- 有限的数据存在于FA的幼儿的饮食多样性.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较FA和没有FA的幼儿的饮食多样性和养习惯.
- 在幼儿营养中识别与FA相关的潜在风险.
主要方法:
- 波兰托儿所的横截面调查,涉及388名年龄在13-36个月的儿童.
- 父母问卷评估了养习惯,饮食多样性 (食物频率问卷) 和养困难 (蒙特利尔儿童医院养量表).
- 人类测量测量和医生的FA确认被记录下来.
主要成果:
- 与非FA同龄人相比,患有FA的儿童 (16%) 的整体饮食多样性,食物组多样性和食物物品多样性明显较低.
- 两组之间没有观察到食困难的显著差异.
- 在FA幼儿中,牛奶,蛋,坚果和芝麻等常见过敏原的引入减少,尽管少数人确诊过敏.
结论:
- 患有FA的幼儿 (13-36个月) 面临减少饮食多样性的风险.
- 对可能引起过敏的食物过度限制是这一群体的一个担忧.
- 早期的饮食干预可能是必要的,以确保足够的营养在FA幼儿.
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