在怀孕前食用巨量营养素的饮食映射与妊娠期糖尿病有关
Antigoni Tranidou1, Aikaterini Apostolopoulou2, Antonios Siargkas1
13rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece.
孕产妇怀孕前的饮食中含有大量加工食品中的能量和宏观营养素,可显著增加正常体重妇女妊娠期糖尿病 (GDM) 的风险. 在超重或肥胖女性中没有观察到这种关联,这表明怀孕前的关键干预期.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 孕期糖尿病 (GDM) 是一种普遍存在的妊娠并发症.
- 怀孕前母亲的饮食是GDM的潜在可修改的风险因素.
- 了解饮食对GDM风险的影响对于预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查怀孕前能量和宏观营养素摄入量与GDM风险之间的关联.
- 确定有助于GDM风险的特定食物来源.
- 根据怀孕前的BMI来探索这种关联中的差异.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自北希腊BORN2020队列的数据.
- 通过经过验证的食物频率问卷 (FFQ) 收集的饮食数据,用于怀孕前六个月的摄入量.
- 用人加权定量总和 (WQS) 回归,调整为关键共变量.
主要成果:
- 在正常BMI的女性中,更高的孕前能量,碳水化合物,脂肪和蛋白质摄入量与增加GDM几率有关.
- 能量密集的加工食品 (例如糕点,加工肉类,精制谷物) 是主要的贡献者.
- 在超重/肥胖女性中,宏观营养素摄入量与GDM风险之间没有发现显著的关联.
结论:
- 在怀孕前,从加工食品中摄取高能量和宏观营养素的饮食预测正常体重女性的GDM风险.
- 饮食和GDM风险之间的关联因妊娠前的BMI而有显著差异.
- 怀孕前有针对性的营养干预对于正常体重的个体来说至关重要,以减轻GDM风险.
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