饮食分支链氨基酸和高LDL胆固醇血症:在中国儿童和青少年中使用可解释机器学习模型的病例对照研究
Zeping Zang1,2, Shixiu Zhang1, Changqing Liu3
1School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
Nutrients
|October 29, 2025
概括
饮食中摄入的分支链氨基酸 (BCAA) 与年轻人患高LDL胆固醇血症的风险更高有关. 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL-C) 调解了BCAA与心血管疾病 (CVD) 之间的关联.
科学领域:
- 儿童营养学 儿童营养学
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
- 代谢研究研究 代谢研究
背景情况:
- 血分支链氨基酸 (BCAA) 水平与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL-C) 相对应.
- 在儿童群体中,饮食中的BCAA和高LDL胆固醇血症之间的关联仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 研究饮食中BCAA摄入量与儿童和青少年LDL高胆固醇血症风险之间的关系.
- 探索LDL-C在BCAA-心血管疾病 (CVD) 途径中的调解作用.
主要方法:
- 倾向性得分匹配和条件后勤回归被用来评估BCAA与高LDL胆固醇血症的相关性.
- 机器学习 (LightGBM),限制立方脊柱 (RCS) 和接收器运行特征曲线 (ROC) 分析了剂量反应关系.
- 调解 门德尔的随机化研究了BCAA和心血管疾病之间的因果关系.
主要成果:
- 增加的异黄素,素和素摄入量与较高的高LDL胆固醇血症风险相关 (30%,11%,16%每1g/day增量,分别).
- 为了风险预测,确定了最佳的BCAA摄入截止值.
- BCAA对心血管疾病产生了显著的总效应 (OR=1.06),而LDL-C则调解了间接效应 (OR=1.02).
结论:
- 饮食中分支链氨基酸的摄入量与儿科患者的高LDL胆固醇血症有关.
- 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇作为从BCAA到心血管疾病的途径中的调解者.
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