在具有认知障碍的西班牙裔个体中,肠道和口腔微生物组的不同模式
Yannick N Wadop1, Erin L Vasquez1, Julia J Mathews1
1Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
Microorganisms
|October 29, 2025
概括
阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症 (ADRD) 与口腔微生物组的变化有关. 特定的口腔细菌增加,而有益的肠道细菌在认知障碍患者中减少,这表明口腔健康影响大脑健康.
科学领域:
- 微生物组研究的研究.
- 神经退行性疾病的神经退行性疾病
- 口腔健康和全身性疾病
背景情况:
- 口腔和肠道微生物组的变化与阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症 (ADRD) 有关.
- 肠道微生物组在ADRD中的作用得到了充分研究,但口腔微生物组的贡献被理解得更少.
- 牙周病因其全身影响而越来越被认可.
研究的目的:
- 调查与没有认知障碍 (CI) 的西班牙裔个体中不同的口腔和肠道微生物组模式.
- 在CI的背景下,探索口腔和肠道微生物群之间的潜在协同效应.
- 为了确定与认知障碍相关的特定微生物种群.
主要方法:
- 在32名参与者的便和唾液样本上进行了16S rRNA基因测序 (17 CI, 15 NC).
- 使用差异丰度分析来比较CI和NC组之间的微生物群落.
- 对所有参与者收集了人口统计数据和临床信息.
主要成果:
- 在CI和NC组之间没有观察到整体多样性指标的显著差异.
- CI参与者显示口腔属的丰富性增加 (例如,*Dialister*, *Fretibacterium*, *Mycoplasma*),此前与牙周问题有关.
- 在CI个体中,有益的肠道属 (例如, *Shuttleworthia*, *Holdemania*, *Subdoligranulum*) 的丰度有所降低.
- 在口腔和肠道微生物之间没有检测到协同效应.
结论:
- 在认知障碍患者中,口腔微生物组的组成发生了显著的变化.
- 与牙周病相关的特定口腔细菌可能在认知能力下降中发挥作用.
- 需要对更大的队列进行进一步的研究来证实这些发现,并了解口腔肠道微生物组-ADRD轴.
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