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对皮下过敏原免疫疗法的系统性过敏反应 - - 一个单一中心的经验
Nataša Kusić1, Aleksandra Plavšić1,2, Vojislav Đurić1,2
1Clinic of Allergy and Immunology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 29, 2025
概括
对皮下过敏原免疫疗法 (SCIT) 的全身反应 (SR) 是罕见的,发生在0.05%的注射中. 较高的血清特异性IgE与总IgE比率与严重的SR有关,强调需要进行风险评估.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 过敏和临床免疫学
- 药物监督 药物监督 药物监督
背景情况:
- 过敏原免疫疗法 (AIT) 是一种公认的过敏治疗方法.
- 系统性反应 (SRs) 是AIT中最重要的不良事件,尽管它们的发病率很低.
- 皮下过敏原免疫疗法 (SCIT) 需要对SRs进行仔细监测.
研究的目的:
- 在SCIT中确定SRs的频率和特征.
- 确定与SCIT诱导的SRs相关的潜在风险因素.
主要方法:
- 从317名患者 (2019-2024) 进行47,982次SCIT注射的回顾性分析.
- 包括患有过敏性鼻炎或毒素过敏的患者,他们经历了SRs.
- 使用世界过敏组织 (WAO) SCIT SR分级系统对SR进行分类.
主要成果:
- 26名患者 (8.2%) 发生了SR,每次注射的发病率为0.05%.
- 喘在42.3%的患者中存在;30.8%的患者以前有SCIT反应.
- 较高的血清特异性IgE/总IgE比率与更严重的SRs相关;以前的反应与较轻的SRs相关.
结论:
- 对SCIT的SRs不常见,严重反应很少见.
- 血清特异性IgE/总IgE比率升高是严重SRs的危险因素.
- 在治疗前进行风险/益处评估至关重要,特别是对于具有已确定的风险因素的患者.
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