在港口集装箱处理机操作员中对全身振动的计算机模拟
Ricardo Luís Alves Silva1,2, Kleber Gonçalves Alves1, José Ângelo Peixoto da Costa1,2
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitaria, 1235, Recife 50670-901, Brazil.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 29, 2025
概括
集装箱搬运机中的全身振动 (WBV) 带来了重大的人体工程学风险. 大多数工人超过振动警报级别,突出需要改进机器设计和工作场所安全措施.
科学领域:
- 人体工程学就是人体工程学.
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 机械工程 机械工程
背景情况:
- 集装箱搬运机 (Portainer) 将操作人员暴露在全身振动 (WBV) 中.
- 在操作期间静态姿势加剧了与WBV相关的人体工程学风险.
- 评估WBV对操作人员的影响对于工作场所安全和机器设计至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估WBV对容器搬运机操作员的人体工程学影响.
- 开发和验证用于模拟WBV暴露的3D数值模型.
- 为了将模拟的WBV数据与现实世界的测量进行比较.
主要方法:
- 在ANSYS.上使用有限元素方法 (FEM) 开发了一个坐着操作员的3D数值模型.
- 在港口码头工作场所进行了定量WBV分析.
- 进行模态和波分析以了解振动响应并验证模型.
主要成果:
- 在超过86%的病例中,WBV暴露超过了警报水平,导致正常化暴露的加速 (A(8) 和96%的导致振动剂量值 (VDV).
- 对于正常化暴露加速,巴西立法限制没有被超过,但VDV在20%的案例中超过了限制.
- 模态分析确定了关键的振动方向,和声分析显示模型与机器在3-4赫兹之间一致.
结论:
- 在容器处理过程中暴露于WBV会带来严重的人体工程学风险.
- 开发的FEM模型有效模拟了WBV,有助于风险评估.
- 调查结果强调,有必要进行干预措施,以减轻操作者暴露和改善结构性性能.
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