由祖先的SARS-CoV-2感染引起的广泛的沙尔贝科病毒中和抗体
Yiwei Zhang1, Zhen Zhang2, Feiyang Yu1
1State Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
Viruses
|October 29, 2025
概括
祖先的SARS-CoV-2感染可以产生可以中和SARS-CoV-2变种和SARS-CoV-1的抗体. 这一发现为开发针对沙贝科病毒的广泛保护性疫苗提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 由SARS-CoV-2引起的COVID-19大流行突出了新出现的萨尔贝科病毒的威胁.
- 针对尖 (S) 糖蛋白的受体结合域 (RBD) 的中和抗体是病毒控制和疫苗开发的关键.
- 了解祖先SARS-CoV-2感染的交叉反应性免疫反应至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究由祖先的SARS-CoV-2感染引起的交叉反应性幽默反应.
- 识别针对SARS-CoV-2和相关的沙贝科病毒的广泛中和性单克隆抗体 (mAbs).
主要方法:
- 从从SARS-CoV-2感染中恢复过来的个体中分离了105个S特定的mAbs.
- 对SARS-CoV-1的交叉反应性和病毒变种中和性的评估.
- 低温电子显微镜测定抗体与表皮质相互作用.
主要成果:
- 在105个mAbs中,有30个交叉识别了SARS-CoV-1,其中25个针对RBD.
- 12mAbs显示了对SARS-CoV-1和SARS-CoV-2两种变种的交叉中和活性.
- mAb 12C2通过抑制膜融合和破坏S三元体的稳定性,强烈中和了SARS-CoV-1和SARS-CoV-2变种.
结论:
- 祖先的SARS-CoV-2感染可以诱导强大的交叉中和抗体反应.
- 鉴定到的mAbs,如12C2,为设计针对sarbecoviruses的广泛保护性抗体和疫苗提供了基础.
- 了解RBD上的抗体结合部位对于下一代疫苗策略至关重要.
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