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消毒牛奶作为一种被动监测工具,用于在乳牛中发现高致病性禽流感病毒

Abhinay Gontu¹, Manoj K Sekhwal², Anastacia Diaz Huemme²

¹Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

|October 29, 2025

概括

零售牛奶可以在牛中检测H5N1高度致病性禽流感病毒 (HPAIV). 这项研究表明,消毒牛奶是追踪哺乳动物中HPAIV爆发的可行监测工具.

科学领域:

兽医病毒学兽医病毒学
食品安全食品安全
分子流行病学分子流行病学

背景情况:

高致病性禽流感病毒H5N1 (HPAIV) 类2.3.4.4b在美国奶牛中出现,扩大其宿主范围超出鸟类.
这种溢出事件引起了动物和人类健康的重大关注,因为哺乳动物中潜在的动物传播和病毒适应.
在这种新的流行病学背景下,传统的监测方法可能不足以监测HPAIV.

研究的目的:

评估使用商用巴氏杀菌牛奶用于H5N1 HPAIV检测的可行性.
评估零售牛奶作为HPAIV分子监测和遗传特征的哨戒矩阵.
确定零售牛奶是否可以作为病毒学监测的实用工具.

主要方法:

在零售牛奶样本中检测H5N1 HPAIV RNA的分子检测.
使用全长基因组段放大功能的遗传特征.
对病毒序列的分析,以将牛奶发现与牛疫情和供应链联系起来.

主要成果:

在商店购买的巴氏消毒牛奶中成功检测到H5N1 HPAIV RNA.
基因组测序将牛奶传播的HPAIV与正在发生的牛疫情联系起来.
在牛奶中多次检测到流感A病毒RNA,与特定的供应链相关.

结论:

商业上可用的巴氏杀菌牛奶可以作为H5N1 HPAIV监测的可行的哨兵矩阵.
零售牛奶为监测哺乳动物宿主病毒循环和遗传演变提供了一个实用的窗口.
这种方法为HPAIV流行病学和潜在的动物传播风险提供了宝贵的见解.

关键词:

这是一种H5N1流感.这里是牛群.基因组测序是指对基因组进行测序.高致病性禽流感病毒的高度致病性禽流感病毒.牛奶牛奶牛奶牛奶

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