亚基因型VII.1.1 纽卡斯尔病病毒在2019-2023年在俄罗斯联邦的演变和传播
Nelly A Guseva1, Sergey N Kolosov1, Nikolay G Zinyakov1
1FGBI "Federal Centre for Animal Health" (FGBI "ARRIAH"), Vladimir 600901, Russia.
Viruses
|October 29, 2025
概括
在2019-2023年期间,在俄罗斯后院家禽中监测了纽卡斯尔病病毒 (NDV) 亚基因型VII.1.1感染的情况. 遗传学分析显示,俄罗斯NDV VII.1.1分离物可能起源于亚洲,大约在2015-2016年出现.
科学领域:
- 兽医病毒学 兽医病毒学
- 分子流行病学分子流行病学
- 鸟类病理学 鸟类病理学
背景情况:
- 纽卡斯尔病病毒 (NDV) 在全球对家禽构成重大威胁.
- 亚基因型VII.1.1已经成为后院家禽疾病的重要原因.
- 动物病学监测对于了解疾病传播和演变至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在俄罗斯联邦调查纽卡斯尔病病毒亚基因型VII.1.1的分子流行病学和进化史.
- 为了确定从后院家禽中分离的NDV的起源和遗传关系.
- 分析NDV的遗传多样性和替代率.
主要方法:
- 从40个NDV分离物中收集和测序完整的F和HN基因.
- 使用BEAST v.1.10.4软件进行贝叶斯系遗传学分析.
- 分子时钟分析以估计核酸替代率.
主要成果:
- 在2019年至2023年期间,在俄罗斯18个地区的后院家禽中注册了163例NDV亚基因型VII.1.1感染病例.
- 疫情主要发生在秋季和冬季 (60%).
- 遗传学分析表明",俄罗斯"NDV VII.1.1分离物可能起源于中东/东欧的祖先病毒,在伊拉克通过中间形式进化并成为亚基因型VII-L,俄罗斯和波兰分离物在2015-2016年左右的共同祖先,可能在亚洲.
结论:
- 亚基因型VII.1.1 NDV已经在俄罗斯后院家禽中存在,季节性爆发.
- 俄罗斯NDV VII.1.1的进化途径表明,它是一个复杂的起源,涉及多个地理位置和中间形式.
- 了解NDV的分子流行病学和进化动态对于有效的禽类疾病控制策略至关重要.
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