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焦虑,精神病类经历和自闭症之间的关系:一个系统的审查
Madeleine Rowe1, Sukhi Shergill1,2, Raka Maitra1,3
1Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Frontiers in psychology
|October 29, 2025
概括
焦虑可能导致自闭症患者的精神病类经历 (PLEs). 干预焦虑可能会减少自闭症患者的PLEs,尽管需要对临床样本进行更多的研究.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 据假设,焦虑是自闭症中精神病类经历 (PLEs) 的基础.
- 之前没有任何系统性审查研究过焦虑,自闭症和PLE之间的联系.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查有关焦虑,自闭症和PLE之间的联系的现有文献.
- 探索焦虑在自闭症人口中PLEs发展中的潜在作用.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed和Ovid (MEDLINE,PsycINFO,全球健康,EMBASE) 进行了全面的搜索,直到2024年6月.
- 审查了54篇文章,包括关于焦虑和PLE,自闭症和PLE以及自闭症和焦虑的研究.
- 包括自闭症和焦虑症协会的系统审查和元分析.
主要成果:
- 13项研究发现焦虑和PLE之间存在正相关性,10项研究表明焦虑增加了PLE的可能性.
- 7项研究显示自闭症和PLEs之间存在正相关性;3项纵向研究发现自闭症特征预测了PLEs.
- 7项审查证实自闭症患者焦虑障碍的发病率较高;9项评估确定了不容忍不确定性和智商等调解因素.
结论:
- 同时出现的自闭症和焦虑障碍可能表明患有精神病的风险组.
- 自闭症患者的焦虑干预可能会降低PLE发生率,有助于预防精神病.
- 用临床成年人样本进行进一步的研究对于确定因果关系和临床适用性至关重要.
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