在野生哺乳动物的肠-大脑轴上的间接环境影响
Lauren Petrullo1, Andrea Santangeli2, Ralf Wistbacka3
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
Molecular ecology
|October 29, 2025
概括
环境变化通过肠-大脑轴影响野生动物. 在西伯利亚飞中,息地质量通过压力激素间接影响成人的肠道微生物,但在幼虫中并非如此.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 微生物组研究 微生物组研究
- 动物生理学 动物生理学
背景情况:
- 主体生理系统和微生物群落相互作用,影响动物对环境变化的反应.
- 肠道微生物群影响宿主免疫和新陈代谢,通过肠-大脑轴与神经内分泌系统连接.
- 野生脊椎动物肠-大脑轴对环境因素的敏感性尚未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究西伯利亚飞的环境质量,葡萄糖皮质类药物和肠道微生物群之间的关系.
- 测试关于直接与间接环境影响对成人和青少年肠道微生物群落的假设.
- 阐明肠-大脑轴在调解对野生动物环境影响中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在一个不受人类干扰的地区研究了西伯利亚飞.
- 评估环境质量 (补丁大小,息地多样性).
- 测量了头发皮质糖类固醇水平,并分析了肠道微生物组成.
- 采用结构方程建模来分析协变和因果路径.
主要成果:
- 成年松鼠具有更丰富的肠道微生物群和更高的毛皮皮质糖类,这与微生物组成相辅相变.
- 未成年人没有显示葡萄糖皮质类药物和肠道微生物群之间的相关性.
- 环境质量预测了成年人的葡萄皮质水平,但没有直接预测微生物多样性.
- 结构方程模型表明息地质量对成年肠道微生物群的间接影响通过葡萄糖皮质体.
结论:
- 提供了环境质量对野生哺乳动物肠道微生物组成的年龄相关间接影响的证据.
- 突出了宿主神经内分泌系统 (糖皮质类药物) 在调解这些影响中的作用.
- 表明肠-大脑轴在野生动物如何对环境变化做出反应方面发挥着至关重要的作用,不同年龄组的敏感性不同.
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