通过多式模式表征来理解碳化物材料的结构复杂性:批判性审查
Soumalya Bhowmik1, Tamal Pal2, Dheeraj Dineshbhai Khubchandani2
1Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
概括
聚合碳化物 (CNs) 的高级表征对于释放它们在太阳能燃料和环境修复中的潜力至关重要. 结合各种技术的多式联络方法对于理解它们的复杂结构和提高性能至关重要.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 化学 化学 化学
- 纳米技术 纳米技术
背景情况:
- 聚合碳化物 (CNs) 是多功能半导体,可用于太阳能燃料发电和环境整治.
- 尽管进行了广泛的研究,但由于对其复杂结构的理解有限,其实际应用受到阻碍.
- 目前的表征方法往往不足以解决CNs的异质性.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地审查聚合碳化物 (CNs) 的表征技术.
- 强调需要采用综合的多式联运性质表征方法.
- 为结构性 CN 设计和开发提供蓝图.
主要方法:
- 广泛采用的 (XPS,FT-IR,PXRD) 和先进的 (固态NMR,XANES/EXAFS,UPS,TAS,PDF) 特性鉴定技术的审查.
- 强调协同部署互补方法以解决结构模两可的问题.
- 分析用于在多个长度尺度上查询化学,形态和电子结构的技术.
主要成果:
- 单一的表征技术对CN的复杂和动态结构提供了不完整的见解.
- 多模式表征对于解决结构异质性至关重要,包括形态学,缺陷景观和聚合度.
- 技术的协同使用验证了发现,将结构与电子属性相关联,并映射了动态变化.
结论:
- 对于CNs,需要从确认性向生成性表征的转变.
- 基于多维理解的结构性知情设计,将推动可预测和可重复的材料开发.
- 集成表征使CN性能优化为光催化等应用程序.
关键词:
这是先进的光谱学.相关性表征的相关性表征.g-C3N4g-C3N4g-C3N4g-C3N4g-C3N4g-C3N4g-C3N4g-C3N4g-C3N4g-C3N4g-C3N4g-C3N4g-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N4G-C3N-C3N-C3N-C3N-G-C3N-G-C3N-G-C3N石墨的碳化物 石墨的碳化物多种方法的特性表征.光催化作用的光催化作用结构功能分析分析结构功能分析.更多相关视频
相关概念视频
01:28Structures of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
3.7K
Structure of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Carboxylic acid derivatives contain an acyl group attached to a heteroatom such as chlorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbonyl carbon and oxygen are both sp2-hybridized with an unhybridized p orbital.
The three sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl carbon form three σ bonds, one each with the carbonyl oxygen, the α carbon, and the heteroatom, whereas the other two sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl oxygen are occupied by the lone pairs. Further, the unhybridized p...
Carboxylic acid derivatives contain an acyl group attached to a heteroatom such as chlorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbonyl carbon and oxygen are both sp2-hybridized with an unhybridized p orbital.
The three sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl carbon form three σ bonds, one each with the carbonyl oxygen, the α carbon, and the heteroatom, whereas the other two sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl oxygen are occupied by the lone pairs. Further, the unhybridized p...
3.7K
02:18Network Covalent Solids
16.0K
Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
16.0K
02:30Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur
6.8K
Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
6.8K
01:11Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles
5.2K
Naming Amides
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
5.2K
02:34Structural Isomerism
21.5K
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...
21.5K
01:10Carbon-13 (¹³C) NMR: Overview
7.6K
Carbon-13 is a naturally occurring NMR-active isotope of carbon with a low natural abundance of 1.1%. In contrast, carbon-12 is the most abundant isotope of carbon with zero nuclear spin. Therefore, it is NMR inactive. The gyromagnetic ratio of carbon-13 is smaller than that of protons. As a result, carbon-13 resonance is about 6000 times weaker than proton resonance. For a given magnetic field strength, the resonance frequency of carbon-13 is about one-fourth of the resonance frequency for...
7.6K