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Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the polymer...
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Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes02:35

Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes

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The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
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Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers01:08

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Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
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Plasticizers01:31

Plasticizers

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Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Forming Micro-and Nano-Plastics from Agricultural Plastic Films for Employment in Fundamental Research Studies
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从聚乙烯泡容器中释放的纳米塑料

Seonho Lee1, Chaewon Hwang1, Ji-Won Son1

  • 1Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.

Journal of hazardous materials
|October 29, 2025
PubMed
概括

聚烯泡容器在接触热水和油时会释放出大量的纳米塑料 (NP). 这种纳米塑料污染通过摄入对人类健康构成风险,使PS泡不适合某些食品包装.

科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 环境科学 环境科学
  • 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学

背景情况:

  • 聚乙烯 (PS) 泡在一次性食品容器中普遍存在,特别是在即时面条中.
  • 这些容器是释放纳米塑料 (NP) 的重要来源,造成潜在的健康风险.
  • PS泡单元细胞的独特结构有助于NP生成.

研究的目的:

  • 研究影响聚烯泡容器中纳米塑料释放的因素.
  • 在模拟食品包装使用的条件下量化NP释放,包括高温和油接触.
  • 评估PS泡对于包装油性食品的适用性.

主要方法:

  • 在不同温度和油污暴露条件下,从PS泡容器中释放纳米塑料颗粒的分析.
  • 在暴露后对PS泡单元细胞完整性的显微镜检查.
  • 每单位面积释放的NP粒子的量化.

主要成果:

  • 聚烯泡会释放大量的NP,特别是当暴露在超过70°C的温度时.
  • 接触99°C的油炸面条显著增加了NP的释放 (10^4倍高于非油接触).
  • 油残留和高温降解PS泡单元细胞,加剧NP释放.
关键词:
即时面条即时面条最大使用温度最高使用温度.剩余的油 剩余的油单元细胞 单元细胞 单元细胞

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Sampling, Identification and Characterization of Microplastics Release from Polypropylene Baby Feeding Bottle during Daily Use
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结论:

  • 聚乙烯泡的结构性质,特别是单元细胞的脆弱性,导致显著的纳米塑料释放.
  • 高温和石油的存在是加速NP生成的关键因素.
  • 聚乙烯泡容器被认为不适合包装食品,特别是含有油的食品,因为它们受到广泛的纳米塑料污染.