关于安慰剂的简要历史
Fabrizio Benedetti1, Aziz Shaibani2
1Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin Medical School, Turin, Italy; Innovative Clinical Trials, Training and Healthcare Initiative, Zermatt, Switzerland.
Handbook of clinical neurology
|October 29, 2025
概括
安慰剂反应不仅仅涉及安慰剂效应,包括诸如自发缓解和回归到平均值之类的因素. 现代研究通过心理,生物学和神经科学镜头探索安慰剂和nocebo效应.
科学领域:
- 医学史 医学史 医学史
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
背景情况:
- 医学历史与安慰剂的使用交织在一起,从身体和精神治疗演变为严格的临床试验.
- 安慰剂反应是一个复杂的现象,包括安慰剂效应,自发缓解,回归到平均值和其他变量.
研究的目的:
- 提供关于安慰剂和nocebo概念的历史出现和现代理解的概述.
- 强调安慰剂反应的多面性质及其潜在的精神生物学机制.
主要方法:
- 医学治疗的历史审查和安慰剂的概念.
- 探索有助于安慰剂反应的组件.
- 关于安慰剂和无效果效应的神经生物学和心理媒介的讨论.
主要成果:
- 安慰剂反应是多因素的,而安慰剂效应是一个独特的精神生物学现象.
- 存在多种安慰剂效应,与可测量的大脑变化和内生化学修饰有关.
- 期望和条件是关键的调解者,影响着安慰剂和无效果效应.
结论:
- 现代研究从综合的心理,生物学和神经科学角度研究安慰剂和nocebo效应.
- 了解这些影响对于解释临床试验结果和开发细微的治疗策略至关重要.
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