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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...

Nuclear Power

Nuclear Power

Controlled nuclear fission reactions are used to generate electricity. Any nuclear reactor that produces power via the fission of uranium or plutonium by bombardment with neutrons has six components: nuclear fuel consisting of fissionable material, a nuclear moderator, a neutron source, control rods, reactor coolant, and a shield and containment system.
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I

Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.

Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation

Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation

The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules...

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer

Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant...

Mechanism of heat transfer

Mechanism of heat transfer

Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Pool-Boiling Heat-Transfer Enhancement on Cylindrical Surfaces with Hybrid Wettable Patterns

Pool-Boiling Heat-Transfer Enhancement on Cylindrical Surfaces with Hybrid Wettable Patterns

Published on: April 10, 2017

在大型超热中使用等级架构进行持续和增强的核沸.

Ji-Xiang Wang^1,2,3, Hongmei Wang³, Christopher Salmean^1,4

¹Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR P. R. China.

Exploration (Beijing, China)

|October 30, 2025

概括

研究人员开发了一种新的纳米微层次的三通道架构,以显著延迟滴水沸中的Leidenfrost点 (LP),提高工业应用的热传递效率.

关键词:

莱登弗罗斯特延迟延迟时间深度学习是一种深度学习.滴滴沸沸的时间多相流体多相流体纳米微型层次结构结构.

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Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident

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Evolution of Staircase Structures in Diffusive Convection

Evolution of Staircase Structures in Diffusive Convection

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Pool-Boiling Heat-Transfer Enhancement on Cylindrical Surfaces with Hybrid Wettable Patterns

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Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident

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Published on: December 14, 2017

Evolution of Staircase Structures in Diffusive Convection

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科学领域:

热传递是一种热传递.
流体动力学流体动力学
材料科学材料科学材料科学

背景情况:

滴水沸在工业过程中至关重要,但受到Leidenfrost效应的限制,从而降低了冷却性能.
莱登弗罗斯特点 (LP) 标志着向蒸汽膜形成的过渡,阻碍了高效的热传递.

研究的目的:

通过提高Leidenfrost点 (LP) 来提高滴水沸性能.
为了研究纳米微层次的三通道架构对沸动态和热传递的影响.

主要方法:

制造一个纳米微层次的三通道架构,具有很高的比例.
对滴水沸行为和热传递的实验分析.
使用多力竞争模型进行理论建模.
开发一个以物理学为基础的深度神经网络,用于沸预测.

主要成果:

新的架构将LP升至273°C,与铜表面 (145°C) 相比,增加了130°C.
观察到增强的蒸汽和液体扩散动态,促进了热传递.
发现较低的滴滴撞击速度通过操纵撞击模式来延迟LP.

结论:

层次结构有效地抑制了Leidenfrost效应,并增强了热传递.
这项研究挑战了对液滴影响动态和LP的传统理解.
开发的模型提供了精确的滴水沸行为的预测,有助于设备设计.