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微型和纳米塑料的生殖毒性:实验和人体研究的见解

Lydia Wehrli^1,2, Olwenn V Martin³, Leonardo Trasande^4,5,6

¹Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Journal of internal medicine

|October 30, 2025

概括

微型和纳米塑料 (MNP) 是普遍存在的环境污染物. 新出现的证据表明,MNP可能对人类和动物造成严重的生殖健康危害,影响生育能力和生殖结果.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
生殖毒理学生殖毒理学
材料科学材料科学材料科学

背景情况:

塑料生产的指数式增长导致了广泛的微型和纳米塑料 (MNP) 污染.
在环境和生物样本中检测到的MNP和相关化学物质,包括人体体液和生殖组织.
调查MNP在全球生育率下降中的作用.

研究的目的:

进行范围审查,评估MNP暴露的潜在生殖危害.
为了比较体外,体内动物模型和流行病学数据的发现.
评估MNP对人类和动物生殖健康的影响.

主要方法:

在过去十年内发表的40项原始研究的范围审查.
分析实验 (体外,体内) 和流行病学数据.
在各种人类生殖组织和体液中识别MNP的存在.

主要成果:

在人类母乳,胎盘,子宫内膜,卵巢,丸,精液,卵泡液,血液和尿液中检测到MNP.
实验证据表明,MNP可以穿越生物障碍并破坏细胞通路 (类固醇生成,新陈代谢,氧化应激).
在体内动物研究将MNP与改变的男性 (精子质量,精子生成) 和女性 (卵泡生成,卵巢储备, litter 大小) 生殖终点联系起来,具有潜在的跨代影响.

结论:

目前的证据表明,MNP对人类和动物的生殖健康构成危险.
从微粒与化学添加剂中区分毒性仍然具有挑战性.
塑料和相关化学品是一个日益严重的环境和健康问题,没有国际限制.

关键词:

环境暴露环境暴露环境暴露不孕症不孕不育不孕不育不孕不育医疗器械医疗器械医疗器械微塑料微塑料的使用生殖健康生殖健康

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