相关实验视频
Updated: Jan 12, 2026

11:15
Determining the Contribution of the Energy Systems During Exercise
Published on: March 20, 2012
42.4K
在精英柔道运动中,认知和技术战术适应快速减肥
Danilo França Conceição-Santos1, Juan Bonitch-Góngora2,3, Filipa Almeida2,3
1Martial Arts and Combat Sports Research Group, Sport Department, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Perceptual and motor skills
|October 30, 2025
概括
精英柔道运动员经历减肥 (WL) 经历了较慢的认知反应,特别是在抑制控制任务中. 然而,技术战术表现和自我控制仍然没有受到影响,这表明需要综合训练策略.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 精英柔道运动员在比赛前经常会进行显著的减肥 (WL).
- 不同程度的WL对运动员生理,认知和表现指标的影响尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究中度 (≤5%) 和高 (>5%) WL对精英柔道运动员生理恢复,认知表现,自我控制和技术战术表现的影响.
- 探索WL的程度与这些关键绩效指标在竞争前期间的变化之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 20名精英柔道运动员被分为中等WL (MWLG) 和高WL (HWLG) 组.
- 评估包括身体质量,静止心率变化 (HRV),认知测试 (Flanker任务) 和在10天的比赛前期进行技术战术评估.
- 统计分析包括重复测量ANOVA和相关性测试.
主要成果:
- 无论是MWLG还是HWLG组都实现了显著的体重减轻.
- 在Flanker任务中,增加的体重减少和更慢的响应时间之间发现了中等到强烈的相关性.
- 心率变化 (HRV) 保持稳定,表明生理性,并且在技术战术表现或自我控制方面没有观察到群体之间的显著差异.
结论:
- 精英柔道运动员的减肥与延迟的认知反应时间有关,特别是在抑制控制中,这表明认知策略发生了变化.
- 尽管有认知变化,但技术战术表现和自我控制并没有受到WL的显著影响.
- 建议采用综合策略,包括体重管理,恢复和认知训练,以优化WL运动员的决策过程.
相关概念视频
Obesity
1.1K
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
1.1K
Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss
27.9K
Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
27.9K
Metabolic States of the Body: The Postabsorptive State
1.2K
The postabsorptive state usually starts about four hours after a meal and lasts until the next meal is eaten. During this time, the digestive system stops absorbing nutrients, and the body uses stored energy reserves to maintain stable blood glucose levels.
Initially, glycogen stored in the liver is broken down to release glucose into the bloodstream, while glycogen in the muscles is broken down to supply glucose for energy directly within the muscle cells. As glycogen stores diminish,...
Initially, glycogen stored in the liver is broken down to release glucose into the bloodstream, while glycogen in the muscles is broken down to supply glucose for energy directly within the muscle cells. As glycogen stores diminish,...
1.2K
Metabolic States of the Body: The Absorptive State
1.3K
During the absorptive state, which lasts approximately four hours after a meal, the body absorbs nutrients from the gastrointestinal tract. The carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids we consume are broken down into monosaccharides, amino acids, and free fatty acids for absorption. While carbohydrates and proteins are absorbed as-is, lipids are absorbed in their broken-down forms and then re-esterified into triglycerides within enterocytes before being packaged into chylomicrons. These absorbed...
1.3K
Anorexia Nervosa
922
Anorexia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of weight gain, an unrelenting pursuit of thinness, and a distorted body image. It often leads to dangerously low body weight relative to an individual's age and height. This disorder is marked by significant physical and psychological consequences, making it one of the most life-threatening psychiatric illnesses.
Symptoms and Physical Effects
Individuals with anorexia nervosa commonly exhibit extreme...
Symptoms and Physical Effects
Individuals with anorexia nervosa commonly exhibit extreme...
922
Exercise and Muscle Performance
2.3K
Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
2.3K

