跨血压类别的痴呆风险:一项韩国全国性的研究
Young Hee Jung1, Jonguk Kim2, Kyung-Do Han3
1Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Gwanpyeong-ro 170 beon-gil 22, Dongan-gu, 14068 Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
European heart journal
|October 30, 2025
概括
新的2024年欧洲心脏病学会 (ESC) 准则定义了高血压 (BP). 血压升高和高血压都会增加痴呆症的风险,特别是血管性痴呆症 (VaD),这凸显了早期治疗的必要性.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 神经学 神经学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 2024年欧洲心脏病学会 (ESC) 的指导方针引入了一个新类别:"高血压" (BP) (静缩120-139 mmHg或静缩70-89 mmHg).
- 这个类别位于不升高的血压和高血压之间.
- 这种重新分类对痴呆风险的影响以前尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查2024 ESC新的血压 (BP) 类别与患痴呆症的风险之间的关联.
- 确定2024年ESC指南所定义的高血压是否是所有原因痴呆症,阿尔茨海默病痴呆症和血管痴呆症的危险因素.
主要方法:
- 一个全国性的韩国队列的分析,包括28万40岁及以上的成年人,在2009年进行了查.
- 排除患有先前存在的痴呆症或在队列进入一年内被诊断出来的参与者.
- 根据2024年ESC标准将血压分类为不升高的BP,升高的BP或高血压,使用Cox比例危险模型追踪到2018年的痴呆发病率.
主要成果:
- 在平均8.1年的随访期间,记录了121,223例痴呆病例.
- 与非高血压组相比,高血压组的痴呆风险略有增加 (aHR 1.016),而高血压的风险显著增加 (aHR 1.029).
- 这种关联对于血管痴呆症 (VaD) 特别强烈 (高血压:aHR 1.159;高血压:aHR 1.372),但对于阿尔茨海默病痴呆症没有显著意义. 这些关联在中年成人和女性中更为明显.
结论:
- 2024年ESC血压分类表明,高血压和高血压都与痴呆的风险增加有关,特别是VaD.
- 这些发现强调了2024年ESC标准在识别有风险的个人的临床意义.
- 中年成人和妇女可以从有针对性的早期血压管理策略中受益,以保持认知健康.
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