听觉视觉语音感知在普通话耳植入物用户跨年龄和听力条件
Wen-Ching Chuang1, Chia-Chen Lin2, Yu-Chien Wang3
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
American journal of otolaryngology
|October 30, 2025
概括
视觉线索显著改善了普通话耳植入物 (CI) 用户的语音识别,特别是在杂的环境中. 患有CI的儿童比成年人表现出更好的视听整合,突出显示了多模式康复的重要性.
科学领域:
- 听力学 听力学是指听力学.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 语音和听力科学 语言和听力科学
背景情况:
- 耳植入物 (CI) 可以恢复听力,但语音感知仍然具有挑战性,特别是在噪音中.
- 视听 (AV) 集成,使用视觉线索与声音一起,可以增强语音识别.
- 了解AV整合的年龄相关差异对于优化CI康复至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估视觉线索对普通话CI用户语音识别的影响.
- 调查不同年龄的音响集成在不同强度和噪声水平的特定年龄差异.
- 为了比较CI用户与正常听力 (NH) 个体的表现.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及40名IC使用者 (儿童和成人) 和32名NH对照者的横截面观察研究.
- 语音识别在仅有音频 (AO),仅有视觉 (VO) 和AV条件下使用普通话单音节单词和句子进行评估.
- 在不同的声音强度和信号噪声比率 (SNRs) 中分析了性能.
主要成果:
- 音频输入显著改善了CI用户的单词识别,特别是在听力下降的条件下 (低强度,高噪音).
- 与CI成年人相比,CI儿童表现出优异的AV词识别能力,而成年人则在句子理解方面表现出色.
- 在CI和NH组之间,VO表现类似,这表明CI使用者有效的视觉补偿.
结论:
- 视听线索对于普通话CI用户的语音感知至关重要,特别是在具有挑战性的声学环境中.
- 与AV整合的年龄相关差异表明对视觉输入和语言策略的依赖程度不同.
- 临床评估和康复应该包括AV和VO任务,强调儿童CI使用者的多式联络方法.
相关概念视频
01:31Hearing
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
01:13The Cochlea
The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
01:01Perception of Sound Waves
The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same frequency...
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same frequency...
01:17Auditory Perception
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the cochlea, a...
01:21Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...
01:22Language Development
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...