在2018年至2020年期间,巴西肉牛运输的物流和CO2排放
Fabio Martins Guerra Nunes Dias1, Fredson Vieira E Silva2, André Guimarães Maciel E Silva3
1School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. fmgndias@usp.br.
Scientific reports
|October 31, 2025
概括
巴西的肉牛运输显示出严重的后勤效率低下,而二氧化碳当量 (CO2e) 排放量因卡车类而异. 优化车队现代化和物流规划对于低碳供应链至关重要.
科学领域:
- 农业物流 农业物流
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 供应链管理 供应链管理
背景情况:
- 巴西的肉牛运输每年涉及数百万只动物,这带来了复杂的后勤挑战.
- 了解环境影响,特别是二氧化碳当量 (CO2e) 排放,对于可持续实践至关重要.
- 以前的分析没有全面详细说明车辆类,运输条件和排放强度之间的关系.
研究的目的:
- 分析与巴西肉牛运输相关的物流和二氧化碳排放情况.
- 确定影响排放强度的关键因素,包括车辆类型和运输距离.
- 为优化物流和减少牛肉供应链碳足迹提供数据驱动的见解.
主要方法:
- 分析了2018-2020年间288,267个货运订单,覆盖了巴西十个州的1900多万头牛.
- 车辆的分类,旅行距离的评估,尸体重量和每只动物可用的空间.
- 计算标准化320公里的往返CO2e排放量,考虑车辆类别和运输条件.
主要成果:
- 小型卡车 (≤18只动物) 最常见,但效率最低,平均排放量为56.89公斤/尸.
- 拖车54级卡车表现出更高的效率,平均排放量为37.77公斤/.
- 在各州之间和各州内部观察到排放强度的显著差异,突出区域差异.
结论:
- 在巴西肉牛物流中存在运营效率低下和大量优化空间.
- 具体区域战略,车队现代化和加强后勤规划对于减少排放至关重要.
- 解决运输效率低下问题对巴西的气候和物流政策具有战略意义,支持低碳牛肉生产.
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