算法时代的伦理挑战:对护理预测分析和早期预警系统的风险洞察和治理途径进行系统快速审查
Yucheng Cao1,2, Lili Deng1, Xusheng Liu3
1School of Nursing, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
BMC medical ethics
|October 31, 2025
概括
护理中的预测分析带来了伦理上的挑战. 本次审查确定了五个风险维度和四个治理途径,以确保在患者护理中安全和道德地使用这些技术.
科学领域:
- 护理信息学 护理信息学
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 预测分析和早期预警系统在全球护理实践中越来越多地被采用.
- 这些技术为效率和患者安全带来了好处,但也带来了重大的伦理挑战.
- 关键的伦理问题包括数据隐私,算法公平性,问责制,专业自主性和患者权利.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和识别与护理中的预测分析和早期预警系统相关的主要伦理风险.
- 提出可行的治理途径,以解决临床实践和政策中的这些伦理挑战.
主要方法:
- 在八个主要数据库中进行了系统的快速审查.
- 包括2015年至2025年5月期间发表的研究,最终选择了22项研究.
- 使用感应性主题分析来确定道德风险维度和治理途径.
主要成果:
- 确定了五个主要的伦理风险维度:与数据/算法相关,专业角色归因,患者权利/人性护理,伦理治理/滥用以及技术可访问性/社会接受性.
- 提出了四个治理途径:技术数据治理,临床人机协作,组织能力建设和机构政策监管.
- 具体措施包括隐私保护,偏见监测,提高透明度,护士培训和政策指导方针.
结论:
- 预测分析和护理早期预警系统具有重大前景,但伴随着多方面的伦理风险.
- 为护理环境提出了"五个道德风险维度-四个治理途径"的新框架.
- 该框架为伦理实施提供了指导,旨在使技术进步与伦理价值观保持一致,以提高护理质量和患者安全.
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