以中度或高强度间隔进行集体训练,这两者都能提高训练有素的骑自行车者的耐力表现
Bent R Rønnestad1, Ingvill Urianstad Odden1, Kristoffer Schulz Solum1
1Section for Health and Exercise Physiology, University of Inland Norway, Lillehammer, Norway.
European journal of sport science
|October 31, 2025
概括
中等强度间歇训练 (MIT) 和高强度间歇训练 (HIT) 都可以提高骑自行车的性能,MIT在乳酸值功率和效率方面表现出更大的改善. 这两种训练类型都有效地提高了骑自行车者的最大有氧功率.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 骑自行车表现 骑自行车表现
背景情况:
- 间歇训练是改善运动员有氧和无氧能力的常见方法.
- 通过比较中等强度间歇训练 (MIT) 和高强度间歇训练 (HIT),可以了解特定的生理适应.
- 训练有素的骑自行车者代表了一群人群,训练适应可能需要特定的强度和持续时间协议.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较一周的麻省理工学院与HIT对训练有素的骑自行车者的绩效指标的影响.
- 确定特定的训练强度和持续时间是否会引起输出功率和效率的差异性调整.
主要方法:
- 22名训练有素的骑自行车者 (1名女性,21名男性) 参加了一项交叉研究.
- 参与者完成了MIT区块 (7天的6次会议) 或HIT区块 (6天的5次会议).
- 性能测试包括15分钟最大功率输出 (PO15min),10秒冲刺功率 (PO10sec) 和4 mmol·L−1血乳酸 (PO4mmol) 的功率.
主要成果:
- 麻省理工学院和HIT区块都显著改善了PO15min,培训类型之间没有显著差异.
- 与HIT相比,MIT诱导了PO4mmol的显著改善,这表明乳酸值提高.
- MIT还导致PO4mmol的%V̇O2max显著增加,这表明在更高的强度下效率有所提高.
结论:
- 麻省理工学院和HIT块都有效地提高了骑自行车者的耐力性能决定因素和最大有氧功率.
- 与HIT相比,MIT可以为改善乳酸值和运动效率提供特定的优势.
- 训练强度和持续时间影响特定的生理适应,这表明定制的间隔训练方案可以优化性能.
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