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从1990年到2021年,中国慢性阻塞性肺病的负担:基于人口的研究

Xuefang Wang¹, Jing Liu¹, Juan Li¹

¹Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital Jiuquan Hospital (The People's Hospital of Jiuquan), Jiuquan, Gansu, China.

Frontiers in medicine

|October 31, 2025

概括

虽然中国慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 的年龄标准化率下降,但由于人口老龄化,病例的绝对数量正在上升. 公共卫生工作应针对主要风险因素和早期查,以减少整体COPD负担.

科学领域:

流行病学流行病学
公共卫生公共卫生
老年学是一门学科.

背景情况:

慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 是一个重大的全球健康挑战,患病率,残疾和死亡率很高.
中国是一个人口密的国家,面临着相当大的COPD负担,但其确切的范围和趋势需要详细分析.
了解中国COPD的流行病情景对于有效的预防和政策制定至关重要.

研究的目的:

利用GBD 2021数据分析中国COPD负担的现状和时间趋势.
提供最新的流行病学数据,以告知COPD预防,早期干预和政策制定.
确定导致中国COPD负担的关键驱动因素和风险因素.

主要方法:

利用了2021年全球疾病负担研究 (GBD 2021) 数据库.
采用统计方法,包括Joinpoint回归,分解分析和风险因素归因.
根据性别,年龄和时间进行了分层分析,以评估COPD负担的变化.

主要成果:

中国的COPD年龄标准化率 (ASR) 在1990年至2021年期间下降,但下降速度已经放缓.
尽管发病率正在下降,但COPD病例的绝对数量仍在增加,这主要是由于人口老龄化造成的.
吸烟仍然是COPD死亡率的主要危险因素,在不同年龄组和性别中观察到负担的显著差异.

结论:

在COPD年龄标准化率上有显著的改善,但整体疾病负担正在升级.
人口老龄化是中国COPD绝对负担增加的主要驱动因素.
未来的战略必须优先加强主要风险因素的预防,并实施高风险人群的早期查,以减轻疾病负担.

关键词:

中国中国中国中国.达利斯 (DALYs) 是一种日用品.慢性阻塞性肺病慢性阻塞性肺病发生率的发生率.死亡率死亡率患病率的流行情况.

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