循环耐力运动训练强度分布理论的最新进展:理论基础,模型比较和周期化特征
Qihao Sun1,2, Yin Yu1,2, Jiayue Cui1,2
1School of Sports Training, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China.
Frontiers in physiology
|October 31, 2025
概括
训练强度分布 (TID) 模型,包括金字塔式,门式和偏振式,为优化耐力训练提供了不同的方法. 根据运动和训练阶段选择合适的模型是提高表现的关键.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 培训负载管理 培训负载管理
背景情况:
- 训练强度分布 (TID) 对于调节耐力运动中的训练负载至关重要.
- 了解TID模型对于设计有效的训练计划和提高运动表现至关重要.
- 本综述审查了TID区域分类的理论基础和演变.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查TID的理论基础和演变.
- 检查金字塔,门和极化TID模型的特征,生理学和适用性.
- 分析TID模型在训练阶段和耐力学科中的功能角色和动态转变.
主要方法:
- 对TID模型的理论和经验证据的系统文献综述.
- 分析了三种代表性的TID模型:金字塔式 (PYR),门式 (THR) 和极化式 (POL).
- 检查TID模型在不同培训阶段 (一般准备,具体准备,竞赛前,竞赛) 的轮班.
主要成果:
- 每个TID模型 (PYR,THR,POL) 都具有独特的结构特征和应用场景.
- 当与训练阶段的需求和体育特定任务保持一致时,TID模型显著提高了性能.
- 选择最佳的TID模型取决于运动特点,训练目标和个体变化.
结论:
- 阶段性调整和多个TID模型的战略整合可以提高培训调整和竞争性表现.
- 这些发现支持通过适当的TID模型选择,科学管理循环运动中的耐力训练.
- 对TID的个性化和适应性方法对于最大限度地提高耐力训练的有效性至关重要.
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