导致新生儿败血症的多药耐药格拉姆阴性细菌的流行:印度东部一家三级医院的回顾性研究
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Rajesh K Dash1, Santosh K Panda2, Shradha Smriti1
1Department of Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, IND.
Cureus
|October 31, 2025
概括
多药耐药性菌 (MDR GNB) 是新生儿败血症的主要威胁,特别是在低收入国家. 这项研究确定了关键的细菌罪祸首及其耐药性模式,强调了针对性抗生素策略的必要性.
科学领域:
- 医学微生物学 医学微生物学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 新生儿护理 新生儿护理
背景情况:
- 新生儿败血症是一个重大的全球卫生挑战,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家.
- 越来越多的多药耐药性 (MDR) 细菌 (GNB) 复杂化了治疗,增加了新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 的死亡率.
研究的目的:
- 确定患有败血症的新生儿中MDR GNB的流行率.
- 分析这些MDR GNB分离物的抗生素敏感性模式.
- 确定与新生儿中MDR GNB感染相关的风险因素.
主要方法:
- 在印度从2021年到2024年进行了一项回顾性研究.
- 分析了来自2670名新生儿的血液和脑脊液样本.
- 使用自动化系统 (BACT/ALERT® 3D和VITEK® 2 Compact) 进行了细菌鉴定和抗生素敏感性测试.
主要成果:
- 在424个培养阳性样本中,201个 (47.4%) 是GNB.
- 最常见的MDR GNB是Klebsiella肺炎 (26.4%) 和Acinetobacter spp. * (23.9%) 和大肠杆菌 (10.4%).
- 观察到高耐药率,K.肺炎显示73.6%的MDR,大肠杆菌显示61.9%. 低出生体重新生儿的MDR感染比例更高 (p=0.02).
结论:
- 在研究的人群中,MDR GNB是新生儿败血症的主要病原体.
- 特定物种的抗生素敏感性模式需要定制的治疗策略.
- 持续监测抗菌素耐药性对于有效的新生儿败血症管理至关重要.
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