编辑:学校环境中的价值观发展研究:从国际视角看新的方向和方法
Elena Makarova1, Anna K Döring2, Ella Daniel3
1Institute for Educational Sciences, University of Basel, Hofackerstrasse 30, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland.
概括
学校通过多层次的互动积极塑造儿童的价值观. 这项研究引入了一种新的模型,用于理解教育环境中的价值传递,强调全系统和点对点的影响.
科学领域:
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 教育社会学教育的社会学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 人类价值观对于全球教育至关重要,但对它们在学校环境中的发展的经验研究是有限的.
- 现有的理论 (Schwartz,Bronfenbrenner,Fend) 提供了一个基础,但需要一个综合模型,以学校为基础的价值传递.
研究的目的:
- 引入和应用"在学校环境中的价值传递"模式.
- 实证地研究不同学级 (微,中,宏) 的儿童和青少年的价值观发展.
- 探索教育环境中垂直和水平价值传递的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 综合施瓦茨的基本人类价值观理论,布朗芬布伦纳的生态系统理论和芬德的新学校理论.
- 分析了10项采用不同方法的原始研究.
- 从六个国家的儿童和青少年收集数据.
主要成果:
- 价值的发展在学校教育的微,中和宏观层面上发生动态.
- 在垂直价值传输 (系统到课堂) 和水平传输 (教师到学生,同行到同行) 之间观察到显著的相互作用.
- 学校的功能是作为社会空间,价值观是通过互动不断谈判和塑造.
结论:
- "在学校环境中的价值传递"模型为理解多层次价值发展提供了一个连贯的框架.
- 未来的研究应该考虑价值教育中的系统结构,发展动态和上下文因素.
- 学校是正式价值教育和非正式价值塑造的关键环境.
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