基于金属和金属的催化剂用于氧降解反应:从分子到材料
Haitao Lei1, Jinxiu Han1, Qian Zhao1
1Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China. leiht2017@snnu.edu.cn.
Chemical Society reviews
|October 31, 2025
概括
本综述探讨了用于清洁能源至关重要的氧降解反应 (ORR) 的金属烯和金属烯催化剂. 它详细介绍了分子设计,材料工程和结构-属性关系,以实现高效的ORR催化.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 电化学 电化学 电化学
- 催化剂是一种催化剂.
背景情况:
- 有效的氧降解反应 (ORR) 催化剂对于燃料电池和金属空气电池等清洁能源技术至关重要.
- 由生物系统启发的金属和金属,由于其可调节的结构和氧化还原特性,显示出作为分子ORR催化剂的希望.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查ORR的金属和金属基催化剂的最新进展.
- 涵盖基本的分子设计,先进的材料工程和结构-属性关系.
- 为设计高效和耐用的ORR催化剂和基于分子的功能材料提供见解.
主要方法:
- 对ORR的金属烯和金属烯催化剂进行系统的文献综述.
- 讨论同质和异质的催化系统,包括对支架的共价接种.
- 分析结构性质关系,替代物效应,连接物效应以及融入多孔材料 (MOF,COF,POP) 的分析.
主要成果:
- 金属和金属显示可调节的结构和可用于有效ORR催化的氧化还原特性.
- 不同异质催化剂的各种策略,包括共价接种和融入多孔框架,提高了催化性能.
- 了解结构-属性关系是优化ORR活动和稳定的关键.
结论:
- 在开发金属和金属ORR催化剂方面取得了重大进展.
- 在实现下一代,高性能和耐用催化剂方面仍然存在挑战.
- 未来的研究应该集中在合理的分子设计和用于分子电催化物的先进材料工程上.
相关概念视频
01:23Properties of Organometallic Compounds
1.6K
Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl groups. The metal can be from Group I or Group II of the periodic table, a transition metal, or a semimetal.
1.6K
02:50Catalysis
30.1K
The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
30.1K
01:13Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview
2.5K
Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists of a...
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists of a...
2.5K
02:13Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
13.9K
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
13.9K
02:17Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation
3.8K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
3.8K
01:19Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Molecules
9.1K
Energy production within a cell involves many coordinated chemical pathways. Most of these pathways are combinations of oxidation and reduction reactions, which occur at the same time. An oxidation reaction strips an electron from an atom in a compound, and the addition of this electron to another compound is a reduction reaction. Because oxidation and reduction usually occur together, these pairs of reactions are called redox reactions.
The removal of an electron from a molecule, results in a...
The removal of an electron from a molecule, results in a...
9.1K