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童年不良经历的轨迹和随后的青少年自杀想法和自我伤害的轨迹
Oliver J Watkeys1, Kirstie O'Hare2, Kimberlie Dean3
1School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia.
概括
从婴儿到中年,持续的不良童年经历 (ACE) 显著增加了青少年自杀念头和自我伤害的风险. 通过多个机构的早期识别可以帮助减轻这种风险.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 不利的童年经历 (ACE) 与负面的健康结果有关.
- 了解ACE的发育轨迹对于预测青少年心理健康至关重要.
- 纵向数据可以揭示从出生到童年暴露于逆境的模式.
研究的目的:
- 检查不同ACE暴露轨迹与青少年自杀念头和自我伤害之间的联系.
- 识别在发育时期的特定逆境模式,构成最高风险.
- 为处于危险的年轻人提供早期干预策略的信息.
主要方法:
- 利用新南威尔士州儿童发展研究的数据,将73833名从出生到18岁的儿童的行政记录联系起来.
- 在产前,早期和中期儿童时期确定了17个ACE.
- 采用k-means集群来定义纵向的ACE暴露轨迹,并将其与青少年自我伤害/自杀念头记录联系起来.
主要成果:
- 确定了六种不同的ACE轨迹,其严重程度和持久性各不相同.
- 在有自我伤害/自杀念头记录的儿童中,ACEs的升高存在73%左右.
- 持续高ACE暴露在早期和中期儿童时期显示,与青少年自我伤害和自杀念头的最强相关性.
结论:
- 儿童早期和中期持续的逆境是青少年自我伤害和自杀念头的强有力的预测因素.
- 多机构数据链接为早期发现有风险的年轻人提供了机会.
- 非健康服务机构 (例如,儿童保护,警察) 可以在监测年轻人的心理健康需求方面发挥作用.
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