产前和产后母亲的心理困扰以及幼儿的神经发育迟缓
Kenta Matsumura1,2,3, Tomomi Tanaka3,4, Masami Kuroda3,5
1Graduate School of Health Sciences, Aomori University of Health and Welfare, Aomori, Japan.
JAMA network open
|October 31, 2025
概括
产后母亲的心理压力增加了幼儿神经发育延迟的风险,比怀孕期间更多. 从怀孕到产后的第一年,为母亲提供持续的心理健康支持至关重要.
科学领域:
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
背景情况:
- 母亲的心理压力是后代神经发育迟缓的已知危险因素.
- 之前的研究还没有充分探讨母亲心理健康和儿童发展与时间的双向关系.
研究的目的:
- 估计婴儿神经发育迟缓的风险,与怀孕中期到晚期以及产后1年期间的母亲心理痛苦相关.
- 调查母亲心理健康和儿童发育结果之间的时间关系.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自日本环境和儿童研究 (JECS) 的数据,这是一个大规模的,正在进行的全国纵向出生队列.
- 包括 82,418 个母子对,在多个时间点分析心理困扰 (凯斯勒心理困扰量表,K6 分数 ≥ 5) 和神经发育延迟 (年龄和阶段问卷,第三版).
- 采用边际结构建模方法来解释时间变化的风险和混.
主要成果:
- 产后1年的母亲心理痛苦显示,与仅怀孕期间的痛苦相比,对于幼儿神经发育迟缓的调整几率比率 (aOR,1.25) 高于怀孕期间的痛苦 (aOR,1.08).
- 怀孕期间和分娩后1年的心理痛苦呈现出最高的风险 (aOR, 1.38).
- 在怀孕期间和产后期间的痛苦之间没有发现显著的乘法相互作用.
结论:
- 产后第一年母亲的心理困扰比怀孕期间的困扰对幼儿的神经发育延迟的风险更大.
- 调查结果强调了持续的孕产妇心理健康支持在整个怀孕期间和产后期间的关键重要性.
- 干预措施应针对整个产周连续的母亲福祉,以减轻对儿童发育的风险.
相关概念视频
01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
418
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
418
01:30Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
733
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
733
01:29Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
464
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
464
01:27Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
469
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
469
01:20Attachment
479
Attachment is vital for infant development, as warm social interactions support growth and well-being. In a classic 1958 study by Harry Harlow, the significance of warmth and comfort in forming attachments was examined. Harlow separated newborn monkeys from their mothers and provided two artificial "mothers": one made of cold wire and the other covered in soft cloth. Despite the wire mother offering food, the infant monkeys preferred the comfort of the cloth mother, demonstrating that...
479
01:28Relationship with Parents: Attachment
216
Parent-child interactions lay the foundation for how we understand relationships throughout life. These interactions are not uniform across families; instead, they are shaped by a range of environmental, emotional, and behavioral factors unique to each caregiver-child dynamic. Social psychologists study these early relationships to understand how patterns formed in infancy influence social functioning and interpersonal behavior in adulthood.Attachment Theory and Early Relational ModelsJohn...
216