社会经济地位对学业成绩的影响:跨国和跨时间的大数据研究与综合数据分析
1University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom.
PloS one
|October 31, 2025
概括
个人和学校的社会经济地位 (SES) 都对学业成绩产生了积极的影响,而学校的SES显示出更强的效应. 国家层面的因素和收入不平等显著影响这些关系,特别是在特定的学生群体.
科学领域:
- 教育教育教育教育教育教育.
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
背景情况:
- 社会经济地位 (SES) 和学术成绩之间的联系是很好的.
- 很少有研究对个人和同行SES对学术成果的影响进行了分类.
- 跨国数据为这些关系提供了独特的视角.
研究的目的:
- 调查个人和学校级SES对学业成绩的影响.
- 分析国家层面的因素和收入不平等如何缓解这些影响.
- 探索学生子组 (如性别,移民身份) 和城市化之间的差异性影响.
主要方法:
- 利用来自54个国家的国际数学和科学研究 (TIMSS) 趋势的六个周期的数据.
- 雇员综合数据分析 (IDA) 用于跨周期和跨国家数据综合.
- 应用层次线性建模 (HLM) 来解决学校内学生的嵌套结构.
主要成果:
- 个人和学校SES都显著提高了学业成绩,而学校SES显示出更实质性的影响.
- 国家层面的差异占SES效应的大部分差异.
- 收入不平等削弱了个人SES的影响,并加剧了学校之间的成绩差距.
- 性别和移民身份调节了SES-成就关系,有针对性的干预措施对移民学生有希望.
- 在城市和大都市地区,学校SES成绩的联系更加强大.
结论:
- 学校级SES是学业成绩的一个关键因素,往往超过个人SES.
- 解决收入不平等和学校SES的政策干预对于公平的教育成果至关重要.
- 了解个人,学校和国家因素的相互作用对于有效的教育政策至关重要.
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