1Becario de investigación y docencia, Universidad Lumière Lyon 2, Laboratorio DIPHE (Desarrollo, Individuo, Proceso, Discapacidad, Educación), Lyon, Francia. . kevin.rebecchi@univ-lyon2.fr.
Vertex (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
|October 31, 2025
概括
汉斯·阿斯伯格认为自闭症是一种独特的神经型,而不仅仅是缺陷. 从DSM-5中删除阿斯伯格综合征反映了向认知多样性和远离病理学的转变.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 对于自闭症的历史理解有了显著的进化.
- 汉斯·阿斯伯格的原创作品往往被后来的解释所掩盖.
- 术语"阿斯伯格综合征"已被广泛讨论,但其起源和细微差别的探索较少.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地检查汉斯·阿斯伯格的遗产与当代自闭症诊断的关系.
- 为了区分阿斯伯格的原始观点和洛娜·温的重新解释.
- 分析从DSM-5中删除阿斯伯格综合征及其对自闭症概念化的影响.
主要方法:
- 对汉斯·阿斯伯格的原创著作 (1938-1980) 的评论.
- 对更广泛的历史文献进行分析,包括苏哈雷瓦,卡纳,弗兰克尔和Wing的作品.
- 对阿斯伯格和对自闭症的观点和"阿斯伯格综合征"诊断的比较分析.
- 检查DSM-5的诊断标准的变化.
主要成果:
- 阿斯伯格的工作呈现了自闭症作为一个独特的神经类型,具有独特的优势和挑战.
- 1979年Lorna Wing的研究和1981年"阿斯伯格综合征"的介绍强调了社会和沟通缺陷,模糊了与智力障碍的界线.
- 在DSM-5中删除阿斯伯格综合征反映了Wing的适应,而不是阿斯伯格的细微观点.
结论:
- 从DSM-5中删除阿斯伯格综合征意味着向认知多样性的认知迈进了一步.
- 当代自闭症诊断正在远离纯粹基于缺陷的模型.
- 了解自闭症概念的历史演变对于当前的诊断实践和去病理化努力至关重要.
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