在心理健康中管理人工智能:50个州的立法审查
J Nicholas Shumate1, Eden Rozenblit1, Matthew Flathers1
1Division of Digital Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Rabb-2, Boston, 02215, United States, 1 617-667-6700 ext 11067.
JMIR mental health
|October 31, 2025
概括
州立法机关正在为心理健康人工智能 (MH-AI) 制定法规,但往往忽视了特定的心理健康需求. 心理健康专业人员的积极参与对于开发有效和道德的MH-AI治理至关重要.
科学领域:
- 卫生法 法律 卫生法
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 心理健康政策 心理健康政策
背景情况:
- 心理健康人工智能 (MH-AI) 系统正在迅速扩展,超越监管框架,并引发安全和问责问题.
- 不利事件和分散的联邦权力突显了需要明确的 MH-AI 标准的需要,各州成为关键政策制定者.
- 临床医生和专业组织从政策制定中缺席的风险是法律与临床现实分开.
研究的目的:
- 系统地分析影响 MH-AI 的州立法.
- 根据对心理健康的相关性对法案进行分类,并确定关键的监管主题和漏洞.
- 评估这些法律对临床医生和患者的影响.
主要方法:
- 对2022年1月至2025年5月期间引入的793项国家法案进行了系统分析.
- 用MH-AI相关性定制的4层分类法来选和分类账单.
- 通过的法案根据主题使用25标签系统进行编码,由法律专家进行最终分类.
主要成果:
- 793项法案中的143项 (20项在11个州颁布) 被确定为可能影响MH-AI的法案.
- 主要的立法主题包括专业监督,伤害预防,患者自主权和数据治理.
- 对敏感的心理健康数据的隐私保护存在重大差距,明确的心理健康条款很少见.
结论:
- 州立法机关正在积极塑造MH-AI监管,但往往只是偶然地对待心理健康.
- 缺乏临床医生和患者的投入导致了分散的法规,这些法规可能在临床上不现实,也可能在伦理上不合理.
- 心理健康专业人员必须参与政策制定,以确保法规支持负责任的MH-AI创新,同时保护患者和临床医生.
关键词:
人工智能监督的监督人工智能监管AI监管人工智能风险AI风险人工智能安全AI安全安全在法学士 (LLM) 课程中.在MH-AI中,它是MH-AI.算法偏差是一种算法偏差.人工智能的人工智能是人工智能.聊天机器人 聊天机器人临床监督 临床监督数字伴侣的数字伴侣数字健康数字健康数字疗法数字疗法数字处理数字处理.生成型的人工智能卫生法 法律 法律 法律医疗保健政策 医疗保健政策大型语言模型法律是法律,法律是法律.在法律上,立法就是立法.立法趋势 立法趋势债务责任是一种责任.机器学习是机器学习.错误的做法 错误的做法医疗法规 医疗法规心理健康相关的人工智能政策分析 政策分析精神病学工具 精神病学工具监管缺口 监管缺口 监管缺口技术 伦理 技术道德治疗机器人治疗机器人相关概念视频
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