使用生物材料的职业模式和职业事故风险:一个横截面研究,巴西,2015-2019年
Júlia de Albuquerque Índio do Brasil1, Letícia Martins Raposo1
1Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
概括
巴西涉及生物材料的职业事故在清洁,护理和牙科/医疗人员中显示出明显的模式. 这些模式与工作角色,教育,疫苗接种情况和暴露类型有关.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 涉及生物材料的职业事故对医疗保健工作者构成重大风险.
- 了解这些事故的模式对于制定有针对性的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述巴西涉及生物材料的职业事故的情况.
- 根据职业群体,识别与这些事件相关的独特模式.
主要方法:
- 从2015年至2019年期间,使用可报告健康状况信息系统 (SINAN) 的二次数据进行横截面研究.
- 使用了描述性统计 (频率) 和推断分析 (多重对应,层次聚类).
- 分析的重点是人口变量,工作条件和暴露类型.
主要成果:
- 在2015-2019年期间报告了69,663例病例,其中护理专业人员 (70.9%) 受影响最多.
- 穿皮暴露 (88.3%) 通过针 (92.1%) 是最常见的事件.
- 出现了三种不同的模式:清洁工 (教育程度低,皮肤间暴露率高,疫苗接种率低),护理人员 (疫苗接种率高,药物管理事故) 和牙科/医疗专业人员 (高等教育,利物伤害,粘膜暴露).
结论:
- 在巴西,确定了三种与生物物质接触的职业事故的不同模式.
- 这些模式因职业,教育水平,疫苗接种情况和暴露的性质而有显著差异.
- 调查结果强调,需要针对不同医疗保健角色量身定制的安全协议.
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