欧洲植物保护技术漂移减少分类的国家差异:对环境风险评估和协调的影响
1Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Application Techniques in Plant Protection - AT, Messeweg 11/12, 38104, Braunschweig, Germany.
The Science of the total environment
|October 31, 2025
概括
由于不同的参考系统和参数,国家减少农药漂移的计划有很大差异. 标准化测试显示,这些变化,而不是喷嘴性能,导致各国漂移潜力 (DP) 的差异.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 农业工程 农业工程
- 监管科学 监管科学
背景情况:
- 喷雾漂移是污染水和息地的农药污染的主要途径.
- 欧洲国家使用各种各样的国家方案,具有不同的参考喷嘴和操作参数,以评估农药漂移减少 (DR).
研究的目的:
- 进行标准化,对欧洲国家农药漂移评估参考系统的对比比较.
- 量化参考系统选择和参数化对相同喷嘴的测量漂移潜力 (DP) 的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用单一风洞设施在各种国家参考参数 (压力,速度,弹杆高度) 下测试相同的喷嘴.
- 测量漂移潜力 (DP) 每设置三次技术重复,报告平均DP与复制范围.
- 没有分配DR类,因为所有引用都没有统一的值.
主要成果:
- 参考定义和操作参数导致DP的数量级变化 (例如,同一个喷嘴的NL为55对EFSA为717).
- 操作参数的轻微变化 (例如,0.7公里/小时的速度差异) 显著改变了DP.
- 在相同条件下观察到的DP敏感性解释了列出的DR类中的跨国差异.
结论:
- 不同的国家参考系统,而不是内在的喷嘴性能,是测量漂移潜力和列出的DR类变化的主要驱动因素.
- 欧盟范围内的农药漂移评估的协调需要标准化的现场协议,方法转换因子,共同的参考集合和透明的出版格式.
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